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Improvement of Livelihood and Food Security Through Goat Production in Bangladesh

M. Akteruzzaman
Professors, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202.

M.M. Hossain
Professors, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202.

S.M.A. Rahman
PSO, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka.

A. Nahar
Ex-Graduate Student, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was carried out in six divisions of Bangladesh taking one district from each division covering 100 credit recipient goat farmer and 25 non-beneficiaries. Thus, about 600 beneficiaries and 150 non-beneficiaries were surveyed during July 2007 to June 2008. Evidence showed that only 3.63% beneficiaries were women headed households. The program covers a lesser number of illiterate beneficiaries (only 23.67%) and was dominated by primary and secondary level of education. The average farm size of beneficiaries was estimated 90.58 decimal and the annual income was Tk.78,946 only. On an average, a borrower received Tk. 5,807 as credit where only 18.57% utilized exclusively for goat rearing and 14.96% in business. The cost of rearing goat per farm was Tk 6,722 and Tk. 11,275, in pre-project and post-project situation, respectively. About 73% borrowers thought that the scope of employment increased and 60% of them mentioned that moderate level of employment generation was created due to goat rearing. The gross return from goat rearing was Tk. 9,195 and Tk. 17,010 per farm, respectively in pre-project and post- project situation and the net return was found Tk. 2,473 and Tk. 5,735, respectively which was about 8% of their annual household income. A lower level of changes in livelihood status was observed in terms of family and livestock assets, household income, access to housing and sanitation and safe drinking water and consumption and food security. Finally, a set of recommendations were made for policy guidelines.

Keywords: Livelihood, Food security, Goat

Location: Each divisions of Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-10-2007

End Date: 00-03-2008

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Commodity: Goat

Objectives:

To determine the profitability of goat rearing, and their impact of improvement of livelihood and food security in Bangladesh.

Methodology:

The present study was an ex-post evaluation of impact generated through goat rearing in conducting the ex-post evaluation there are two approaches that can be adopted namely: i) Comparing the present situation for project beneficiaries with the before-project situation for the same beneficiaries (called the ‘before-after’ approach) and ii) Comparing present situation of project beneficiaries with a similar group of non- beneficiaries (called the ‘with and without’ approach). Stratified random sampling was applied for selection of the sample in this study. The survey was conducted taking 100 beneficiaries and 25 non- beneficiaries from each selected district from each of the division. Thus, a total of 600 project beneficiaries and 150 non-beneficiaries were surveyed during October 2007 to March 2008 by direct face-to-face interview using a pre-designed questionnaire for comparing between beneficiaries and non- beneficiaries. All the collected data were processed and analyzed in accordance with the objectives of the study. The farm business analytical techniques were used in this study. Data were also analyzed using descriptive statistics like mean, percentage, ratios, and ranking.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Extension Education ISSN 1011-3916 Volume 20, No. 1&2, 2008:41-48

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Rearing of Black Bengal Goat could go a long way to reduce poverty of the pro-poor women. It contributed significantly to household income without interfering with the main occupations of the women. Government of Bangladesh gave emphasis on poverty alleviation through goat production. Goat rearing is a profitable business; so, any investment in goat rearing will be helpful for poverty alleviation. The annual income and savings increased with the increase in farm sizes, thus, the expansion of such program is encouraged in Bangladesh. Goat farmers having more goats could earn more profits. The recovery rate of goat credit was 77.79% which was much higher than any other financial institutions. Thus, the increase in the goat number in the farms will help for improved livelihood of the farmers. The female labour was largely engaged in goat rearing activities and spending capacity was increased due to adoption of modern practices of goat rearing. Thus, the program is gender neutral which could help for women participation in economic activities.

Knowledge Management: Journal