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Response of Bushbean to Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Application

S. N. Mozumder
Scientific Officer
Agricultural Research Station, Raikhali, Rangamati Hill District, Bangladesh

M. R. Islam, K. U. Ahmed, S. N. Alam, and M. Shahjahan.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted at Agricultural Research Station, Raikhali, Rangamati during three consecutive cropping seasons (winter) from November 1998 to March 2001. A randomized complete block design was followed with twelve fertilizer combinations of N (0, 25, 50, 75), P₂O₅ (0, 50, 75, 100) and K₂0 (0, 30, 60, 90 kg/ha) to determine optimum doses of N, P and K for cultivation of bushbean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Plant height, number of branch, number of pods/plant, pod yield, gross and net return, benefit- cost ratio increased with increase of fertilizer dose. Fertilizer levels did not affect pod size, flowering and harvesting time. The maximum plant height (33.7cm), number of branch (5.62/plant), number of pods (16.53/plant), pod yield (17.47 t/ha), net return (Tk.1.38 lakh/ha) and BCR (3.65) was obtained when N, P₂O₅and K₂O were applied at the rate of 75, 100 and 90 kg/ha, respectively.

Keywords: Bush bean, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium.

Location: Agricultural Research Station, Raikhali, Rangamati Hill District, Bangladesh

Start Date: 01-11-1998

End Date: 31-03-2001

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Bush bean

Objectives:

To determine the optimum dose of N, P, and K for obtaining the maximum yield, quality and profit of bush bean cultivation in the eastern hilly area of Bangladesh.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Agricultural Research Station (ARS), Raikhali, Chandraghona, Rangamati during three consecutive cropping seasons (winter) from November 1998 to March 2001. The experimental station ARS, Raikhali is situated in the southeastern part of Bangladesh (Latitude 22⁰24’N and 91⁰57’E Longitude). The soil was silty loam with pH 5.5 to 6.0. Before opening the land, the soil samples were taken from ten spots of the experimental area and analyzed from the Soil Science Division of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute. The soil analysis reports of the experimental field are cited. Table 1. Sampling year pH Organic matter (%) Total N (%) Exchangeable status (meq/100g soil) Available status (g/g soil) Ca Mg K P S Fe Zn 1998 5.6 1.67 0.083 3.1 0.89 0.21 12 6.7 226 3.0 1999 5.2 1.83 0.097 3.4 0.68 0.19 17 6.3 234 4.0 2000 5.4 1.76 0.092 3.0 0.62 0.18 15 6.7 215 3.0 Critical level -- -- 2.0 0.5 0.12 10 1.0 4 0.6 A randomized complete block design was followed with three replications of twelve combination of N, P and K fertilizers. The unit plot size was 3x 3m accommodating 300 pits per plot at 30X15cm spacing. The land was manured with a common dose (5t/ha) of cowdung and fertilized with twelve different doses of N = 0, 25, 50, 75; P₂O₅ = 0, 50, 75, 100 and K₂O = 0, 30, 60, 90 kg/ha in the form of urea, TSP and MP, respectively. The entire amount of cowdung, TSP and half of urea and MP were applied at the time of final land preparation and the rest was applied at 30 days after planting. Variety BARI Jharshim-2 was used. It is a high yielding semi-determinate, dwarf, bushy type plant having profuse bearing habit of narrow, straight and round pod, which are suitable to use as fresh bean and dry seeds. Two seeds per pit were sown and one seedling was kept per pit after thinning at 15 DAS. Weeding, irrigation and other cultural practices were done as and when required. Data were recorded from 20 randomly selected plants for individual plant performance and from total plot for per hectare yield. Data on all characters were analyzed statistically following standard methods.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agric. Res. 30(2): 231-239.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget: 15000/-

Total Budget (Tk.) : 15000/-

Achievement/Findings:

Most of the yield and yield contributing characters were significantly influenced by different levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Comparatively lower influences were observed in case of potassium and nitrogen fertilizer than phosphorus. The maximum number of pods per plant (16.5) and weight of pods per plant (79.0 g) as well as pod yield per hectare (17.47t) were obtained from the highest fertilizer level N75P100K90 followed by N75P75K90 (15.1 pods/plant, 74.2g/plant and 16.7 t/ha) that was statistically similar. The minimum number of pods (7.57) and pod yield per plant (37.5g) and per hectare (7.56t) were obtained from the control, which was statistically similar with the dose when no nitrogen (N0P75K60) (8.77t/ha) and no phosphorus were applied (N50P0K60) (10.1 t/ha). The maximum GR (Tk. 1.76 lakh/ha), NR (Tk. 1.38 lakh/ha) and BCR (3.65) were obtained from the same fertilizer level N75P100K90 while that was minimum in absolute control (no fertilizer) plot. Thus it can be concluded that the fertilizer level N75P100K90 was the most profitable dose for bushbean cultivation in the valleys of the eastern hilly areas of Bangladesh.

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