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Ecology of Shakla Beel (barhmanbaria), Bangladesh

K.K.U. Ahmed
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Riverine Station, Chandpur 3602, Bangladesh

G.Mustafa
Worldfish Center-Bangladesh, House # 22, Road-7, Block-F, Banani, Dhaka

T. Ahmed
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Riverine Station, Chandpur 3602, Bangladesh

S.U. Ahamed
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Riverine Station, Chandpur 3602, Bangladesh

K.R. Hasan
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Riverine Station, Chandpur 3602, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The beel Shakla, comprising an average area of 75.0 ha is located in the northeastern region (Barhmanbaria district) of Bangladesh. The study was carried out to assess the ecological aspects of beel ecosystem. Surface run-off and increase inflow of rain water from the upper stretch during monsoon cause inundation and resumption of connection between beel and parent rivers. The range of dissolved oxygen (DO) content (4.5-8.9 mg/L) was found congenial for aquatic life. P^H was in the alkaline range (7.3-85) and free CO₂ was relatively high. Lower values of total hardness and total alkalinity indicated less unrest in the beel water. A wide variation (1.4-27.2x10^₃cells/L) in the standing crop of total plankton was recorded during study period of which phytoplankton alone contributed about 90%. Phytoplankton diversity in the beel represented by three group’s viz. Chlorophyceae, Myxophyceae and Bacillariophyceae in order of abundance. A total of 52 fish species belonging to 36 genera, 20 families and 1 species of prawn were identified so far from the beel. About 13 types of fishing method were found in operation. Seine nets (moshari berjal, ghono berjal) and gill net (current jal) were identified as detrimental gear killing juveniles of different species during post spawning period. Kua fishing was also found harmful due to dewatering nature. A total of 11 species belonging to 11 genera and 10 families of aquatic weeds were identified from the beel. The eggs of Macrobrachium lamarrei were indentified into the Najas najas vegetation during April-September.

Keywords: Ecology, Beel, Fish

Location: Barhmanbaria, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-07-2003

End Date: 00-06-2004

Program Area: Resource Development and Management

Commodity: Plankton

Objectives:

To assess the ecological aspects of beel ecosystem

Methodology:

The study was carried out in the beel Shakla during July’03 to June’04. The research was based on both primary and secondary data, comprehensive literature review and extracts of local knowledge and information. Data collection was limited with the visting schedule. Collection of primary data was made by field observation and different experimentations Viz. experimental fishing in the beel, survey of different fishing methods, survey of fish markets adjacent of beel, monitoring hydrological, meteorological, physic-chemical and biological characteristics of beel and fishers’ perception as well. Secondary data were collected from the fishers, lease holders, Beel Management Committee (BMC), local administration, Water Development Board (WDB), Department of Fisheries (DoF), Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute (BFRI), Meteorological Department and related NGOs. A bamboo made meter scale measured water depth. A Secchi disc measured water transparency. Temperature of air and water was measured with a centigrade thermometer. Free CO₂ content was determined by phenolphthalein indicator method. Total alkalinity was estimeated by using phenolphthalein and methyl ornge indicator method. Total hardness was determined by EDTA titrimetric method. HACH test kit was used to measure water pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), ammonia and nitrite only. For planktonic study 50 L water were collected form the euphotic zone of the beel and passed through bolting silk plankton net of 55µ. The filtrates were immediately preserved in Lugol’s solution. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of both phyto and zooplankton were done following drop count method. Microscopic indentification was performed up to genera. Each sample was stirred somoothly just before microscopic analysis, One ml of agirated sample laws poured in a Sedgwick–Rafter ( S-R) counting cell. A binocular microscope did identification and enumeration of each sample. Qualitative studies were done. Identification of fishes was done thorugh collection of different species directly from fishers catch, experimental fishing, fishin through enclosure with bana ( locally called Pati) katha fishing , kua fishing and surveying local fish markets. Catch-effort survey was done through in situ observation of fisher nets. Resident fish species was recorded through experimental fishing in the deep pool areas in the beel and man-made kuas. Where water remains during dry season (early January -mid April) . Local Knowledge as well as fishers, perception has been considered also. Aquatic weeds were collected from the beel and identification was made into the laboratory.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Fish., Res., 8(2):101-111, 2004

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The range of dissolved oxygen (DO) content (4.5-8.9 mg/L) was found congenial for aquatic life. P^H was in the alkaline range (7.3-85) and free CO₂ was reletavely high. Lower values of total hardness and total alkalinity indicated less untriests in the beel water. A wide variation (1.4-27.2x10^₃cells/L) in the standing crop of total plankton was recorded during study period of which phytoplankton alone contributed about 90%. Phytoplankton diversity in the beel represented by three group’s viz. Chlorophyceae, Myxophyceae and Bacillariophyceae in order of abundance. A total of 52 fish species belonging to 36 genera, 20 families and 1 species of prawn were indentified so far from the beel. About 13 types of fishing method were found in operation. Seine nets (moshari berjal, ghono berjal) and gill net (current jal) were indentified as detrimental gear killing juveniles of different species during post spawning period. Kua fishing was also found harmful due to dewatering nature. A total of 11 species belonging to 11 genera and 10 families of aquatic weeds were indentified from the beel. The eggs of Macrobrachium lamarrei were indentified into the Najas najas vegetation during April-September.

Knowledge Management: Journal