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Effect of Fertilizer Level and Plant Population on Jackbean (canavalia Ensiformis L. Dc) in the Hill Valley

S. N. Mozumder
Senior Scientific Officer
Agricultural Research Station, Raikhali, Rangamati

M. Moniruzzaman
Senior Scientific Officer
Agricultural Research Station, Raikhali, Rangamati

S. M. M. Rahman
Senior Scientific Officer
Agricultural Research Station, Raikhali, Rangamati

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment on the effect of fertilizer level and plant population on jackbean (Canavalia ensiformis L. DC) was conducted at ARS, Raikhali, Rangamati during May to December 2003 and 2004 to study the yield performance and profitability of Jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis L. DC). The experiment was conducted in split plot design with three levels of plant population (1, 2 and 3 plants per hill) in the sub plots and three doses of fertilizer (N50P100K75, N100P200K150 and N150P300K225 kg/ha) in the main plots. The N100P200K100 level produced the highest number of branches/plant, number of pods/hill, weight of pods/hill and highest pod yield which was followed by that with N150P300K225. The N150P300K225 fertilizer dose in combination with 2 plants/hill produced the highest pod yield (25.10 t/ha) as well as gross return (Tk. 3,01,200/ha) and gross margin (Tk. 2,60,900/h), which was closely followed by that with N100P200K150 dose with 3 plants/hill (24.66 t/ha) and N100P200K150 dose with 2 plants/hill (23.83 t/ha). Single plant per hill with no fertilizer gave the lowest yield (9.49 t/ha) but it was cost undominated.

Keywords: Fertilizer. Plant population, Jackbean

Location: Agricultural Research Station, Raikhali, Rangamati

Start Date: 01-05-2004

End Date: 31-05-2005

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Vegetables

Objectives:

To study the effect of different fertilizer doses in combination with varied plant population on the performance of the crop.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Agricultural Research Station, Raikhali, Rangamati during May to December for two consecutive years, 2003 and 2004. The experimental field belongs to AEZ 29 and the soil is sandy clay loam with pH 5.4. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with three replications allocating number of plants (P1=1, P2=2 and P3=3 plants/hill) in the sub plots and fertilizer doses (low F₁=N50P100K75, medium F₂=N100P200K150 and high F₃=N150P300K225) in the main plots. The sub plots consisted of two 5mx1m adjacent beds accommodating 10 hills per plot with 1mx1m spacing. N, P and K were applied as per treatments in the form of urea, TSP and MP. In addition, a blanket dose of well decomposed cowdung was applied at the rate of 5 t/ha (500g/hill). The whole amount of cowdung, TSP and one-third of urea and half of MP was applied as basal in hills. The rest amount of urea and MP was applied in two equal installments at 30 and 60 days after planting (DAP). A white seeded, photo-neutral, bushy high yielding advanced line (SBR001) of Jack bean was used as the test crop. Two, three and four seeds were planted for the treatment of one, two and three plants per hills, respectively, on 15 May in 2003 and 16 May in 2004. One, two and three healthy plants per hill were kept after thinning as per design of the experiment. About four and half feet long bamboo sticks (one stick per hill) were vertically dug into the earth for support. All the plants of a single hill were loosely tied with the stick so that the plants are able to stand vertically. As there was no pest and disease infestation no control measure was taken. Intercultural operations such as weeding, irrigation and mulching were done equally for all plots as and when required. Green pods were harvested at about 10-12 days of flowering. Pods were harvested at two days interval starting from the first week of July and continued until December in both the years. Data on days to flowering, days to harvest, plant height, number of branches/plant, number of pods/plant, weight of pods/plant, pod size (length and breadth) and single pod weight were recorded at the green stage from the bed at two days intervals. Fresh pod yield kg/plot was then converted to yield ton per hectare. Economic calculation was done considering the price of fresh pod (Tk. 12.00/kg), price of inputs (urea TSP, MP and cowdung @ Tk 6.00, 16.00, 15.00 and 0.50 per kg, respectively), labour (Tk. 120.00/day/person) and other costs according to the local market prices. Data were analyzed using MSTAT and the treatment means were separated by DMRT.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Agriculture, 34(1): 30-35.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget: 15000/-

Total Budget (Tk.) : 15000/-

Achievement/Findings:

Both the factors (fertilizer dose and plant population per hill) singly or in combination showed similar trend in both the years in respect of all yield and yield components. The response of the crop to N, P and K application was far better in respect of plant growth and fresh pod production of Jack bean. Based on the yield and economic performance the fertilizer dose N100P200K150 along with 2 plants per hill at 1mx1m spacing might be considered optimum for better yield and profitability of Jack bean in the South Eastern hilly area of Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Journal