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Comparative Study of Different Casing Materials on Growth and Yield of Button Mushroom

S.M. Ruhul Amin
National Mushroom Development and Extension Centre, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Nirod Chandra Sarker
National Mushroom Development and Extension Centre, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Mahbuba Munmun
National Mushroom Development and Extension Centre, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Farhana Rahman

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This study was performed to select the best casing material (locally available) for button mushroom production. The casing materials used were cow dung (CD), farm yard manure (FYM), soil: sand (3:1), soil: CD (1:1), soil: FYM (1:1), soil: sand: CD (1:1:1), soil: sand: CD: FYM (1:1:1:1) and spent substrate. Number of fruiting bodies has higher in the materials of soil: sand: CD: FYM (1:1:1:1) followed by the material soil: sand (3:1) and cow dung. Biological and economic yield was the highest incase of casing materials soil: sand (3:1). The highest biological yield of 54.3g per packet was obtained from the casing material soil: sand (3:1) and the lowest of 22.7g from the casing material FYM.

Keywords: Button mushroom, Agaricus bisporus, Casing materials, Cultivation, Yield.

Location: National Mushroom Development and Extension Centre (NAMDEC), Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Mushroom

Objectives:

To determine the individual effects of different locally available casing materials on the cultivation of Agaricus bisporus.

Methodology:

Eight different casing mixtures were selected and collected locally from National Mushroom Development and Extension Centre (NAMDEC), Savar, Dhaka.The materials were composed in the following manner: T₁ = Cow dung (CD), T₂ = Farm Yard manure, T₃ = Soil: Sand (3:1), T₄ = Soil: CD (1:1), T₅ = Soil: FYM (1:1), T₆ = Soil: Sand: CD: FYM (1:1:1:1), T₇ = Soil: Sand: CD (1:1:1), T₈ = Spent substrate of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). 2.5 kg of compost were spawned with 75 g of mother culture and kept in the growth chamber of NAMDEC laboratory maintaining the temperature at 24⁰-25⁰C. After completing the spawning of those packets, casing materials were applied to the top of spawn packets maintaining 3-4cm thickness each. Before using the casing materials, it was sterilized by autoclaving for 1 hour with 121⁰C temperature at 1.1kg/ c.c pressure. Then the packets were taken into the culture house maintaining the temperature below 16⁰C and relative humidity above 90%. Mushrooms were harvested before the detachment of the cap from the stipe. The number of fruiting bodies, biological and economic yields was estimated. Biological efficiency (BE) was determined by the formula: BE (%) = Total biological yield (g) ×100/ Total substrate used (g). The data obtained from different treatments were analyzed using SPSS programme. Results were expressed as mean ± SEM. (P<0.05 was considered statistically significant). All parameters for inter group differences were analyzed by one-way ANOVA. Any correlation was evaluated by simple regression analysis.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Mushroom. 1(1): 9-13, 2007 (June)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It was observed that there was no significant variation among the eight treatments (T₁-T₈) in terms of days to primordial initiation. In case of number of fruiting bodies among the eight treatment groups, the highest number of fruiting bodies was found in T₆ (soil:sand:CD:FYM, 1:1:1:1) and the lowest in T₄ (soil:CD, 1:1). The change in biological yield and economic yield was correlated with each other. The highest biological yield was found in T₃ (soil:sand,3:1) and the lowest in T₂ (FYM). This trend was also found to be similar in case of economic yield in these two groups. It was observed that the biological efficiency was correlated with biological and economic yield. The highest biological efficiency was found in T₃ (soil: sand, 3:1) and the lowest in T₂ (FYM). A moderate value was observed in T₁(CD), T₄ (soil:CD, 1:1), T₆ (soil:sand:CD:FYM, 1:1:1:1) and T₇ (soil:sand:CD,1:1:1). A number of casing materials are used in different countries depending on their suitability and availability. Because of unavailability of peat moss in Bangladesh, we have tried to work out a suitable substitute to peat moss in this study. The use of soil: sand (3:1) as a casing material has significantly increased the biological and economical yield over all other treatments. The combination of soil and sand (3:1) has showed the traits of a good casing material. It has excellent water holding capacity, a neutral pH and a low electrical conductivity. It stays porous even after a succession of watering, holds moisture, allows appropriate gaseous exchanges and supports microbial population able to release hormone like substances which are very likely involved in stimulating the initiation of fruiting bodies.

Knowledge Management: Journal