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Prevalence of Mycoflora Associated with Oyster Mushroom (pleurotus Ostreatus) Substrates and Evaluation of Formalin and Bavistin Against Them

Zehad Pervez
Department of Plant Pathology, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, Bangladesh.

Md. K. A. Bhuiyan
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salana, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

Habibur Rahman
Department of Plant Pathology, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, Bangladesh.

Md. Shahidul Islam
Department of Plant Pathology, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The present study was carried out to identify weed mycoflora associated with Pleurotus ostreatus (Oyster mushroom) substrate during culture in the spawn packet and to evaluate Formalin and Bavistin % (Cabendazim) 50WP against the weed mycoflora. A total of 50 spawn packets colonizing substrate of Pleurotus ostreatus were collected randomly at different growth stages. Ten weed mycoflora namely Aspergillus flavus, A. fumigatus, A. niger, A. nidulans, A. terreus, Penicillium citrinum, P. thiersii, Penicillium. sp., Rhizopus stolonifer and Trichoderma harzianum were found to be associated with the substrate. Formalin, Bavistin and their combination were tested against the identified weed mycoflora at 100, 250 and 500 ppm in vitro following poison food technique. All treatments caused radial mycelium growth inhibition of all isolated weed mycoflora over control. The rate of inhibition corresponded to higher doses of the chemicals. The combine application of Formalin and Bavistin at their highest concentration (500+75 ppm) gave the maximum inhibition of growth of all the identified fungi.

Keywords: Mushroom substrate, Weed mycoflora, Bavistin, Formalin

Location: National Mushroom Development and Extension Centre, Department of Agriculture Extension, Sobahanbag, Savar, Dhaka.

Start Date: 00-01-2006

End Date: 00-06-2007

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Mushroom

Objectives:

1. To identify weed mycoflora associated with the substrates of oyster mushroom and

2. To find out the appropriate chemicals and their doses to control them.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at National Mushroom Development and Extension Centre, Department of Agriculture Extension, Sobahanbag, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh during 2006-2007. Oyster mushroom growing substrates were sampled at five different growth stages viz. mother spawn, commercial spawn, 1st flush, 2nd flush and 3rd flush. To prepare a stalk solution, 10g samples from each of the substrates were mixed with 100 ml sterile distilled water. From each of the different substrate dilutions 0.5 ml volumes were pipetted on melted potato dextrose agar medium (PDA). The substrate solution was thoroughly mixed with the medium and allowed to solidify. After solidification the plates were incubated at 30? for 72 hours. The mycoflora grown as the mixed colony in the culture plate were isolated. To prepare pure culture sufficient number of sub culturing were made following hyphaltip technique and maintained in PDA slants at 10?. Individual mycoflora were identified using CMI description. Bavistin (Carbendazim) 50WP and Formalin were tested in vitro to evaluate their effect on the radial growth of isolated weed fungi were evaluated against the weed mycoflora isolated from mushroom substrate. Three concentrations of the materials viz. 100, 250 and 500 ppm of Formalin, 25, 50 and 75 ppm of Bavistin, and 100 +25, 250 + 50 and 500 + 75 ppm of Formalin + Bavistin were used and poison food technique was followed. Efficiency of chemicals at different concentrations were evaluated on the basis of percent inhibition of the radial colony growth of the isolated fungi, and computed as a proportional measurement of colony diameter on control plate expressing in percentage. Wheat grains were used as substrates for the preparation of inocula of isolated weed mycoflora. Wheat grains were soaked in water over night and taken in the 500 ml Erlenmeyer flasks up to 1/3 from the bottom and autoclaved under 1.1 Kg/cm² pressure at 121? for an hour. Separate flasks were used for each isolated fungus. Ten mycelial discs each of 5mm diameter were cut from the edge of three days old PDA culture of individual fungus and added to autoclaved wheat grain in the flasks. They were incubated at 25? for 20 days. The incubated flasks were shaken by hand at 2-3 days interval for uniform colonization. The colonized wheat grains were air dried for 2 weeks and stored at 10? for use in the test. After solidification, amended PDA in plates was inculated with the inocula of individual mycoflora. For inoculation one wheat grains colonized with individual weed mycoflora was placed at the centre of a plate. Five plates were used for each concentration. The plates were placed in an incubator following completely randomized design and incubated at 30?. When a fungus covered the plates under control radial colony diameter was measured.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Mushroom. 4 (1): 45-50, 2010 (June)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

However, the results of the present study both the fungicides Formalin and Bavistin are effective against the associated molds of oyster mushroom. But, when they are used in combination were more effective.

Knowledge Management: Journal