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Economic Feasibility of Intercropping of Chili with Sweet Gourd

J. Hossain
Scientific Officer
Pulses Research Centre, BARI, Ishurdi-6620.

M.S. Alom
Principal Scientific Officer
Agronomy Division, BARI, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M.A.K. Mian
Principal Scientific Officer
Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Ishurdi-6620.

M.R. Islam
Senior Scientific Officer
Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Ishurdi-6620.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Ishurdi, Pabna during two consecutive years of 2012-2013 and 2013-2014 to find out the suitable combination of intercropping of chili with sweet gourd for increasing the productivity and economic return. The treatments were T₁=100% sweet gourd (2m x 2m) + 40% chili (50cm x 100cm) + 100% recommended fertilizer (RF) of chili, T₂=100% sweet gourd (2m x 2m) + 40% chili (50cm x 100cm) + 75% RF of chili, T₃=100% sweet gourd (2m x 2m) + 40% chili (50cm x 100cm) + 50% RF of chili, T₄=100% sweet gourd (2m x 2m) + 50% chili (50cm x 80cm) + 100% RF of chili, T₅=100% sweet gourd (2m x 2m) + 50% chili (50cm x 80cm) + 75% RF of chili, T₆=100% sweet gourd (2m x 2m) + 50% chili (50cm x 80cm) + 50% RF of chili, T₇=Sole sweet gourd, T₈= Sole chili. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Fruit yield was calculated for sweet gourd and chili in ton per hectare considering the whole plot as harvested area. Results revealed that the yield of both sweet gourd and chili significantly affected by plant population and fertilizer dose in the intercropping systems. The highest equivalent yield of sweet gourd (21.21 t ha^-1), land equivalent ratio (1.59), gross return (Tk. 318150.00 ha^-1), gross margin (Tk. 237935.00 ha^-1) and benefit cost ratio (3.97) were obtained from 100% sweet gourd (2m x 2m) + 50% chili (50cm x 80cm) + 100% RF of chili (T₄). Sole crop of chili (T₈) gave the lowest equivalent yield of sweet gourd (7.38 t ha^-1), gross return (Tk. 110700.00 ha^-1), gross margin (Tk. 37455.00 ha^-1) and benefit cost ratio (1.51). Therefore, sweet gourd (100%) and chili (50%) with recommended fertilizer (100%) of chili might be economically profitable for chili with sweet gourd intercropping system.

Keywords: Economics, Fertilizer, Intercropping and Yield

Location: Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Ishurdi, Pabna.

Start Date: 00-00-2012

End Date: 00-00-2013

Program Area: Farming System

Commodity: Sweet gourd, Chilli

Objectives:

To find out the suitable combination of intercropping of chili with sweet gourd for increasing the productivity and economic return.

Methodology:

A field experiment was conducted at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Ishurdi, Pabna during rabi season of 2012-2013 and 2013- 2014 for the suitable combination of intercropping of chili with sweet gourd for increasing the productivity and economic return. The climate of the experimental site was subtropical in nature and belongs to the Agroecological Zone-11 (AEZ-11) in Bangladesh. The latitude and longitude of the experimental site is 24.030S and 89.050 E, respectively. The land was medium high and the soil was clay loam in texture having 8.10 pH, 1.43% organic matter, 0.076% total nitrogen, 13.1 μg ml^-1 available phosphorus, 0.30 meq 100 g^-1soil available potassium, 10 μg ml^-1 sulphur, 0.16 μg ml^-1 boron and 1.91 μg ml^-1 zinc. Field capacity and bulk density of the soil were 27% and 1.40 g cc^-1, respectively; permanent wilting point was near about 14%. The crops received total rainfall of 412.37 mm and 206.81 mm during crop growing period in 2012-2013 and 2013-2014, respectively. The experiment was laid out in a RCBD with three replications. Eight treatments viz; T₁=100% sweet gourd (2m x 2m) + 40% chili (50cm x 100cm) + 100% recommended fertilizer dose (RF) of chili, T₂=100% sweet gourd (2m x 2m) + 40% chili (50cm x 100cm) + 75% RF of chili, T₃=100% sweet gourd (2m x 2m) + 40% chili (50cm x 100cm) + 50% RF of chili, T₄=100% sweet gourd (2m x 2m) + 50% chili (50cm x 80cm) + 100% RF of chili, T₅=100% sweet gourd (2m x 2m) + 50% chili (50cm x 80cm) + 75% RF of chili, T₆=100% sweet gourd (2m x 2m) + 50% chili (50cm x 80cm) + 50% RF of chili, T₇= Sole sweet gourd and T₈=Sole chili were included in this experiment. The unit plot size was 4m x 4m. Fertilizer was applied at the rate of 120-80-120- 20-4 kg ha^-1 of N, P, K, S and Zn for sole chili through urea, triples super phosphate, muriate of potash, gypsum and zinc sulphate, respectively. In sole sweet gourd and intercrop, fertilizers were applied at the rate of 80-36-100-24-2-2 kg ha^-1 N, P, K, S, Zn and B through urea, triple super phosphate, muriate of potash, gypsum, zinc sulphate and boric acid, respectively. Cow dung @ 10 t ha^-1 was applied as a blanket dose during final land preparation. Fifty per cent of nitrogen and all other fertilizers for sole chili were applied at the time of final land preparation and rest amount of nitrogen was applied at three installments of 25, 50 and 70 days after planting (DAP). On the other hand, full amount of all fertilizers except nitrogen were applied in each pit 7 days prior to seed sowing for sole sweet gourd and intercrop. Nitrogen was applied as ring method at 30 and 50 days after planting followed by irrigation. Fifteen days old seedling of sweet gourd (var: BARI Mistikumra-2) and one month old seedling of chili (var: Ishurdi local) were transplanted at 05 December in both year. Intercultural operation like irrigation (five times), weeding (two times) and spraying of insecticides and fungicides (three times) were done. Sweet gourd was harvested on 18 April 2013 and 23 April 2014. Chili was harvested at two times as green chili dated on 09 May and 29 May 2013 and on 23 April and 20 May 2014. Fruit yield was calculated for sweet gourd and chili in ton per hectare considering the whole plot as harvested area. Five plants of chili and five fruits of sweet gourd from each plot were selected randomly to collect data on yield components.

Source of Information: Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 5 (2): 64-69, December, 2015, (ISSN: 2224-0616)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Sweat gourd (100%) and chili (50%) with recommended fertilizer (100%) of chili might be economically profitable for chili with sweet gourd intercropping system.

Knowledge Management: Journal