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Capsule Growth and Calyx Protein Content in Hibiscus Sabdariffa L. Var. Sabdariffa

M.S.A. Fakir
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

M.M. Islam
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

A. Islam
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

F. Islam
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

M.M. Chowdhury
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Protein rich calyx of sorrel (Hibiscus sabdariffa L. var. sabdariffa) is used in herbal tea, drink, jam and jelly preparations. Capsule growth and calyx protein content were determined at 7, 15, 30, 45 and 60 days after anthesis (DAA) to find out appropriate time of calyx harvest and to determine physiological maturity (PM) of seeds. Results revealed that maximum dry weight of seeds or PM was observed at 45 DAA with good protein contents (9.09%). Results further revealed that calyx size and fresh weight also reached maximum at PM identified by deep red colour with capsule beginning to shatter. This is the first report on capsule maturity and calyx protein content in Bangladesh that capsule may be harvested at PM for higher calyx yield with good protein content in sorrel.

Keywords: Sorrel, PM, Growth, DM, Calyx yield and protein

Location: Experimental field of the Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University

Start Date: 00-04-2006

End Date: 00-04-2007

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Fruit

Objectives:

1. To investigate the growth of calyx and capsule and calyx protein content for assessment of optimum harvesting time for calyxes and capsules.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Experimental field of the Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University (24°75' latitude and 90°50' longitude, elevation 18 m), during April 2006 to April 2007. The soil was silt loam, poorly drained. Standard fertilization was practised. Seeds were sown in well prepared plots using 1m x 1m spacing in triplicates. There were 16 plants in 4m-2 plots. Randomised complete block design was followed. Six seeds were sown each pit at 2-3 cm depth on 15 April, 2006. Finally, one healthy plant pit^-1 was kept at 15 days after sowing (DAS). Weeding and mulching were done whenever necessary. During seedling establishment stage, watering was done but later no irrigation was required due to rainfall in April. For yield, maturity of the crop was ascertained when 70-80% of capsules were dry and turned brown. Plants were harvested between first and second week of April, 2007. Capsule yield per plant was estimated from separately tagged plants but seed yield/plant was obtained by harvesting all the plants in a plot. Four guarded plants per replicate were selected for capsule growth study, and flowers were tagged at the beginning of anthesis so that data on different ages of capsule i.e. 7, 15, 30, 45 and 60 days after anthesis (DAA) were obtained. At each stage, 60 capsules, twenty from each replicate, were randomly harvested and were enclosed in polythene bag to avoid loss of water. Length and diameter of calyx, epicalyx and capsule were recorded. Freshly harvested capsules were separated into pedicel, epicalyx, calyx, pericarp and seeds. Fresh and dry (80±20C for 48h) weights of different plant parts were measured at each stage. The crude protein content of calyx was determined. The collected data on various characteristics were complied and analysed statistically. The mean differences were evaluated by Duncun’s Multiple Range Test.

Source of Information: J. Agrofor. Environ. 6 (2): 1-4, 2012; ISSN 1995-6983

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Physiological maturity (PM) is characterised by maximum dry weight accumulation in seed. In this study, maximum dry weight in seed was achieved around 45 DAA indicating PM; hence, capsule may safely be harvested for seed at PM in roselle. Optimum time of fresh calyx and capsule harvest was around 45 DAA since size and weights of capsule, epicalyx, calyx and ovary were the highest around that time.

Knowledge Management: Journal