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Microbial Transformation of Nitrogen in Soil

A. ALI
Department of Microbiology, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh.

M.A.Z. MOLLA
Department of Microbiology, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh.

A.A. CHOWDHURY
Department of Microbiology, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh.

A. ISLAM
Department of Soil Science, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Potential of microorganisms in releasing nitrogen available to plants commonly encountered in the non-rhizosphere and rhizosphere soils of ryegrass and rice were evaluated. Mixed cultures, Bacillus, Agrobacteriam, Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Pseudomonas sp. were found to be superior to the others. The mixed cultures were most effective and individually species of Bacillus and Agrobacterium ranked next to mixed cultures in both soils. Species of Streptomyces was found least effective .

Keywords: Microbial transgormation, Nitrogen, Rhizosphere

Location: Dhaka University

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Soil fertility

Objectives:

To study the availability of nitrogen with isolated microorganisms from soil.

Methodology:

Soil microorganisms were isolated from non-rhizosphere and rhizosphere soils (soils adhering to roots) of ryegrass and rice grown in the farmers’ field (Sperber 1958). The isolated pure cultures were identified. The incubation experiment for the availability of nitrogen were carried out in 500 ml Erlenmeyer flasks. Chakla soil at a depth of 0-6 cm was collected from the district of Tangail. The soil was clay loam having a pH 5.7, maximum water holding capacity 37%, total nitrogen 0.13%, total phosphate 0.048%, organic carbon 0.62% and available nitrogen 0.006%. 300g of soil was taken in each flask. Compost was added and mixed with soil @ 3g/100g of soil. Out of 66 flasks, 33 wore sterilized and the rest not sterilized. The isolated pure cultures of bacteria (species of Bacillus, Agrobacterium, Pseudomonas, Serratia, Proteus and Micrococcus), fungi (species of Aspergillus and Penicilium) and actinomycetes (Streptomyces sp.) were grown on nutrient agar, potato dextrose agar and Czapek-dox agar respectively. The cultures were suspended in sterile water. 25 ml of suspension having a concentration of approximately 5.6×10⁶ cells/ml of bacteria, actinomycetes and spore suspension of fungi were inoculated into sterile and non-sterile soil containing flasks in three replicates for each culture. Control experiment was set for both sterile and non-sterile soils. The cultures and the soil samples were mixed thoroughly and incubated at 110⁰C for 91 days. Moisture was maintained at 50%, of the maximum water bolding capacity during the incubation period. Soils were analyzed for available nitrogen following the method of Jackson (1967) at interval of 7 days throughout the incubation period.

Source of Information: Dhaka University Studies, Part E, 2(1) : 27-32, 1987 (January)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Mixed cultures, Bacillus, Agrobacteriam, Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Pseudomonas sp. were found to be superior to the others. The mixed cultures were most effective and individually species of Bacillus and Agrobacterium ranked next to mixed cultures in both soils. Species of Streptomyces was found least effective.

Knowledge Management: Journal