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Effect of Polar and Non-polar Extracts of Oyster Mushrooms on the Growth of Human Pathogenic and Non-pathogenic Fungi

M.A. Basunia
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Ibrahim Khalil
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Nuhu Alam
Department of Botany, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh

Azizur Rahman
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Ethanol, methanol and petroleum ether extracts of Pleurotus ostreatus and P. sajar-caju were used to determine the antifungal activity against three non-pathogenic fungi, i.e. Aspergillus niger, Penicillum notatum and Mucor racemosus and one human pathogenic fungal species, that is Epidermophytes floccosum. The growth of E. floccosum was suppressed by 55% and the growth of the three non-pathogenic fungal species were not inhibited.

Keywords: Antifungal activity, Ethanol, Methanol, Petroleum ether, Extracts and Oyster mushrooms.

Location: National Mushroom Development and Extension Centre, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Knowledge Management

Commodity: Mushroom

Objectives:

To determine the antifungal activity of ethanol and methanol and petroleum ether extract of oyster mushrooms against some human pathogenic and non-pathogenic fungi.

Methodology:

Three non-pathogenic fungi i.e. Aspergillus niger, Penicillium notatum, and Mucor racemosus and one human pathogenic fungal species Epidermophyton floccosum were taken for the antifungal activity test of oyster mushrooms. Two species of oyster mushroom i.e., Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus sajar-caju were collected from National Mushroom Development and Extension Centre, Savar, Dhaka. The collected oyster mushrooms were sun dried for 5 days and then kept in an oven at 72°C for 48 hours. The dried mushrooms were ground into coarse power with the help of a grinder. PDA medium was used for the culture of the above-mentioned three nonpathogenic fungal species and The Sabouraud medium was used for the culture of the human pathogenic fungus. Sabouraud medium was prepared by mixing 10g peptone, 40g dextrose and 20g microbiological agar in one litre of distilled water. The PDA medium was prepared by using 250g potato, 20g glucose and 20g agar. At first 250 mg each of methanol, ethanol and petroleum ether extract of Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus sajar-caju was taken in separate 6 test tubes containing 1 ml distilled water and mixed well. Then each of the 1 ml solution was separately mixed in 250 ml Saboroud media and mixed well. Antifungal activity of mushroom extracts was indicated as their percent growth inhibition against fungal species. In this method culture blocks with a diameter of three mm were cut from the edges of the 6 days old culture of the fungal species with the aid of sterilized cork borer and inoculated at the centre of those Petriplates containing solidified culture medium amended with particular concentrations of extracted substances. The percent growth inhibition of each fungal species was calculated by using the formula as given below- Percent growth inhibition = (C-T)/C X 100. Where, C = Growth in control. T = Growth in treatment

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Mushroom. 1(2): 27-31, 2007 (December)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The maximum percent growth inhibition (23%) being recorded in case of methanol extract of Pleurotus sajar-caju against Epidermophyton floccosum followed by the grow the inhibition (15.78%) of methanol extract of P. ostreatus against Pencillium notatum. No percent growth inhibition was recorded in case of methanol extract P. ostreatus and P. sajor-caju against Aspergillus niger and Mucor racemosus. The reveals maximum percent growth inhibition (23%) being recorded in case of ethanol extract of P. sajar-caju against E. floccosum followed by the growth inhibition (15.78%) of ethanol extract of P. ostreatus against Penicillium notatum. Ethanol extract of P. ostreatus showed 14.6% growth inhibition against E. floccosum. No percent growth inhibition was detected in case of ethanol extract of P. ostreatus and P. sajar-caju against A. niger and M. racemosus. The maximum percent growth inhibition (55%) being recorded in case of petroleum ether extract of Pleurotus ostreatus against E. floccosum. Petroleum ether extract of P. sajar-caju showed a 48% growth inhibition against E. floccosum, while 29o41% growth inhibition was recorded in case of petroleum ether extract of P. ostreatus against M. racemosus. No detectable growth inhibition was observed against A. niger. Mushrooms need antibacterial and antifungal compounds to survive in their natural environment. Antimicrobial compounds with more or less strong activities could be isolated from many mushrooms and that they could be of benefit for human. It is evident from the results of the present study that oyster mushroom, Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus sajar-caju has antifungal activity in one direction. Further study is needed with different doses and pathogenic and nonpathogenic fungal species.

Knowledge Management: Journal