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Effect of Soil Moisture Stress on Dry Matter Distribution of Wheat

M. Tazul Islam
Professor.
Crop Science, Graduate Training Institute, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The different varieties of wheat showed different pattern of dry matter accumulation, Stress at different growth stage also showed different rates of accumulation, translocation of photosynthates and partitioning of dry matter to different organs. Sonalika showed the greatest efficiency in dry matter accumulation in all stages. But Kanchan showed the maximum ability to translocate photosynthate. Inia-66 showed lowest efficiency in dry matter accumulation and had the minimum ability to translocate photosynthates. Among the treatments control had the best condition for dry matter accumulation and also the translocation process. Water stress at heading stage severely reduced the dry matter production.

Keywords: Evaluate, Soil moisture stress, Dry matter production, Wheat.

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural University Farm

Start Date: 00-00-1984

End Date: 00-00-1987

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of soil moisture stress on the dry matter production and distribution of the same to different parts of the plant.

Methodology:

The study was carried out in pots with three commercially grown varieties of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) having different origins such as Sonalika (VI) from India, Kanchan (VI) from Bangladesh and Inia-66 (VB) from Mexico. The soils used in the experiments were taken from the Bangladesh Agricultural University Farm. The soil was chemically analysed and found that it was sandy loam having 1.46% organic matter and 7.0 pH. The moisture content by the soil, the field capacity, evaporation and evapotranspiration were measured by gravimetric method. The pots were watered regularly upto 90 days of growth after sowing so that amount of water lost by evaporation and then by evapotranspiration was supplemented to maintain a constant level as per desired treatments. Addition of water was withheld in some treatments ( as T4, T5 and T6) mentioned subsequently to develop stress at different growth stag.es. There were 70 pots for each of the experiments having one set of blank (7 pots) that were kept to determine the evaporation loss of water. All other (63 pots) were used for growing plants. In order to obtain plant samples identical treatments were maintained for each harvest. The experiments were carried out during winter seasons of 1984-85, 1985-86 and 1986-87. Seven water stress treatments having 100% F. C. (field capacity) for control (T_o) 80% F. C. (T₁), 60% F. C. (T₂), 40%; F. C. (T₃), 35% F. C. for 15 days during 15-30 days of growth (T₄), 35%; F. C. 45-60 days of growth (T₅) and double stress i. e. the combination of T₄ and T₅ (T₆) were used in this study. Three plants were allowed to grow in each pot for every experiment. Dry Matter (DM): In order to obtain plant samples for dry matter production and its distribution, sets of pots with identical treatments were maintained for each experiments. Harvesting were done at a 15 days intervals upto maturity. The dry matter distribution in each harvest was calculated. Root Shoot ( R/S ) Ratio; The samples were collected at a 15 days intervals. The roots were collected through seive-tough under running tap.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Training and Development Vol. 5. No.2. July, 1992: 51-58

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In the present experiments, the applied moisture stress effectively decreased the growth. The T₀ having received maximum amount of soil moisture produced the highest R/S ratio, and T₂ having moisture stress upto 40 Percent of F. C., produced same R/S as that of control. That was neither mild nor severe but moderate stress. T₁ may be said to have mild stress and that of T₃ can be said as severe stress. The plants in the group T₃ were almost in the dry soil. The roots could not grow in it as there was no water at the bottom of these pots. So it can be concluded that the root growth was best when the soil water tension was moderate.

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