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Fungal Disease of Freshwater Fishes in Natore District of Bangladesh

M. A. B. Siddique
Department of Fisheries, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

M. A. Bashar
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. A. Hussain
Department of Fisheries, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

A. S. M. Kibria
Department of Aquaculture Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University. Dinajpur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An investigation was conducted on fungal disease of freshwater fishes in Natore district of Bangladesh from September 2005 to February 2006. A total of 2097 fish specimens where about 300 fishes under 15 fish species (8 culturable and 7 non culturable) were infected with fungal disease. Among culturable species most fungal infected fishes was C. mrigala (24.71%) where the total length, total weight and group of this infected fish was 10.8 to 40 cm, 10 to 995 g and 10.1 to 15 cm respectively followed by C. idellus (16.28%) and L. rohita (13.43%). Among non culturable species the most fungal infected fish was C. punctatus (22.42%) where the total length, total weight and group of this infected fish was 11 to 23 cm, 15 to 20 g and 20.1 to 25 cm respectively followed by C. striatus (16.88%) and P. ticto (15.31%). Disease in culturable fish species was less (13.40%) than non-culturable species (15.19%). Three genera of fungi were identified where Branchiomyces sp. was associated with gill rot disease and Saprolegnia sp. and Aphanomyces sp. were associated with ulcer types of disease. The incidence (%) of disease was highest in the month of December (22.49%) followed by November (20.25%) and January (18.00%).

Keywords: Fungal disease, Infected fish, Incidence

Location: Natore Sadar upazila, Natore district

Start Date: 00-09-2005

End Date: 00-02-2006

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Cat fish

Objectives:

1. The present study has been aimed to isolate, identify and determine the pathogenocity of the fish.

Methodology:

For the investigation, different water bodies (Ponds and other water bodies) and landing center of sadar upazila, Natore district of Bangladesh was selected as a study area. The diseased fishes were collected randomly every week at regular interval from the study area. Data were collected from fish farmers, fishermen and fish traders about fish disease. Secondary information on fish disease was also collected from DFO and UFO of the study area. The infected fishes were identified by the symptoms of fishes such as loss of normal glaze; spot having hemorrhagic lesions on the body, excess mucus secretions, discoloration of gill filament and damage of gill. For the isolation of fungus fishes were carried to the laboratory immediately after collection. PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar) media was used as a culture media for the isolation and to find out the fungus. At first infected fishes were cut in cross section, using a flamed scalpel. A small block of muscle was removed from the lesion. Blocks of tissue were removed and placed into petridishes, washed with 15 ml distilled water. Then the tissue blocks were transferred into the culture media petridishes. Then petridishes were inverted with parafilm and kept in incubator at 25 °C for 3 days, until a circular fungal mat developed. These were used during subculture of the fungus. A suitable portion of culture plates of different colony from PDA was taken out with the help of forceps or needle and put on a slice in 1 or 2 drops at cotton blue on clear slide. Then it was warmed by spirit lamp 6-8 times and it was then examined under a compound microscope. Incidence of fungal disease of infected fishes was calculated by following formula: Incidence (%) = (No. of fish infected / No. of fish Examined) ×100 Physico-chemical condition of ponds: The Physico-chemical The Physico-chemical parameters (water temperature, transparency, DO, CO₂, pH and total hardness) were measured weekly of the sampling ponds during the study period. All the collected data were analyzed with the help of MS-Excel and calculator.

Source of Information: J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 7(1): 157–162, 2009; ISSN 1810-3030

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It was observed that fungal disease varied in different months. The infestation rate was found to be high during the winter season. From the survey and histopathological findings, Cirrhinus mrigala was the most severely affected species, followed by Channa punctatus and Channa striatus which was the least affected species Heteropneustes fosillis. In present investigation fungal diseases appeared as a serious threat to the freshwater fishes in the study area which affected their biodiversity through being endangered and extinct.

Knowledge Management: Journal