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Embryonic and Larval Development of Guchibaim , Mastacembelus Pancalus (hamilton)

M. M. Rahman
Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. I. Miah
Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. A. Taher
Fish Farm, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. M. Hasan
Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The embryonic and larval development of local Guchibaim, Mastacembelus pancalus (Hamilton) was studied during May to October 2007. This study presents preliminary observations on the embryonic and larval development of Mastacembelus pancalus under laboratory conditions. The parents stock was collected from different places of Mymensingh district. The eggs were obtained through induction of spawning by use of hormones. At fertilization; the eggs were 0.50 mm in diameter. Samples were taken every 10 minutes interval till completion of morula and then every 1 hour interval up to hatching. After hatching, daily observations took place until the attainment of the fingerling stage. The eggs presented coloration varying from yellow to brownish-green. They were spherical, demersal and adhesive. The stages of embryonic development observed with cleavage, followed by blastula, morula, early gastrula, middle gastrula, late gastrula and until hatching of non-pigmented larvae which displayed total average length of 1.3 mm ± 0.22, 35 hours after fertilization. First cleavage was recorded within 1.05 hrs after fertilization and the embryonic rudiments of developing eggs appeared at 24.30 hrs at 27.0-31.0°C. The yolk sac was completely absorbed at 67 hrs during embryonic development on attainment of 5.50 mm total length. At the same time the digestive system became fully developed and the larvae searched for feeding.

Keywords: Embryo, Larvae, Guchibaim, Mastacembelus pancalus,

Location: Faculty of Fisheries field laboratory complex, Bangladesh Agricultural niversity, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-05-2007

End Date: 00-10-2007

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Fish

Objectives:

1. To know the early life story stages (embryonic and larval stages) of Mastacembelus pancalus in relation to various time intervals, to determine the developmental clock and to identify the first feeding time of this species for larval rearing.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted in the fisheries field laboratory complex, water quality laboratory of the department of fisheries management and field fertility clinic laboratory of the department of surgery and obstetrics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. Early developmental stages of guchibaim, Mastacembelus pancalus were studied up to 72 hrs starting from egg fertilization. It may be mentioned that for the study of embryonic and larval development, special procedure was employed for preparation of eggs and developing embryos. The wild brood fish of Mastacembelus pancalus was collected from different places of Mymensingh district for breeding purpose. The collected brood fishes were stocked in fisheries field laboratory complex, Bangladesh Agricultural University, during the period from May to October 2007. Proper rearing and maintenance of brood stock of both sexes to prime mature condition is a pre-requisite for successful induction of spawning. The brood fish were reared in the predator free pond. Fertilizer was applied weekly at the rate of 5.0kg cow dung, 100 g urea and 100 g TSP /decimal to stimulate the growth of plankton. The fish were fed with a mixture of mustard oilcake, rice bran, wheat bran, fish meal, and vitamin premix and di-calcium phosphate mixed at the ratio of 20:33:25:20:1:1 respectively by weight at 4-5% of total body weight of fish per day. Later on a series of breeding trials were conducted to find out the appropriate hormonal substances (PG extract 160-190mg/Kg body wt.) and doses for successful propagation of fish. The brood fish were bred; their offspring were reared in the earthen nurseries and later on transferred to field research complex of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. To study the developmental stages, the eggs were collected randomly from the hatching jar. The developing stages of M. pancalus were observed at every 5 to 10 mins interval till completion of morula and then after every one-hour interval up to hatching. The eggs were put into 70% ethanol for preservation for further study. At least 10 eggs undergoing embryonic development process were studied to get precise information. The larval samples were collected from the hatching jar. Initial samples were collected at hourly intervals. At least five larvae were collected and immediately put into 70% ethanol for further study. The larvae were examined as soon as they were collected. Early developmental stages were studied under a stereomicroscope (Olympus bx 51 Japan research stereo). Five individuals at each developing stage were examined for confirmation of various stages and the timing of development. The stages of development were observed at every 5 to 10 mins interval till the completion of morula and then after every one-hour interval till completion of organogenesis. The development stages were documented by using a camera (Olympus, Japan-e5000) fixed on a stereo microscope. For the study of development stages, the fish larvae were temporarily stained with methylene blue for clear observation. Specimens of early stages of M. pancalus were drawn by hand using a camera (Olympus, Japan e5000) setting on stereo microscope (Olympus, bx51 Japan research stereo).

Source of Information: J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 7(1): 193–204, 2009; ISSN 1810-3030

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

During the present experiment the embryonic and larval development of Mastacembelus pancalus were studied at an ambient temperature of 27.00 to 31.00°C. The rate of development of the larvae varied from other species. This variation seems to be temperature dependent. The higher the temperature the quicker was the development Considering all the facts and findings of the experiment the present work provides information on early development stages of the Mastacembelus pancalus. The present work generated some information on the early life history, developmental stages and commencement of first feeding time for larval rearing. This study will help fishery biologists in understanding the biology and ecology of the fish, which might be of great use to take appropriate measure for sustainable development of culture and management technology of Mastacembelus pancalus.

Knowledge Management: Journal