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Evaluation of Some Rapeseed Mutants Based on Growth Attributes

M.A. Uddin
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

F. Sultana
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

M.A. Ullah
Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh

K.M. Rahman
Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

M.M. Mashrafi
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted at the field laboratory of Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh to investigate morpho-physiological characters in seven advanced mustard mutants viz., RM 01, RM 02, RM 03, RM 04, RM 05, RM 10 and RM11 along with a cultivar BINAsarisa-4.The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Results revealed that plant height, leaf area index (LAI), total dry mass (TDM), absolute growth rate (AGR) and relative growth rate (RGR) differed significantly at all growth stages. LAI and AGR increased till 60 days after sowing (DAS) followed by a decline due to leaf shedding at later growth stages whereas RGR increased till 50 DAS. The mutant RM 05 showed superiority in respect of branch number, TDM, LAI and growth parameters like AGR and RGR at most of the growth stages and also produced the highest seed yield whilst RM 01 and RM 10 showed the inferiority in case of plant height, branch number, LAI, AGR and RGR. Among the mutants/cultivars, RM 05 produced the highest seed yield due to morpho-physiological superiority than the others. Key words: Mustard, mutants, evaluation, growth attributes.

Keywords: Mustard, Mutants, Evaluation, Growth attributes

Location: The field laboratory of Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-11-2011

End Date: 00-03-2012

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Mustard

Objectives:

1. To evaluate the growth and development of seven elite mustard genotypes compared to the existing variety, BINAsarisa-4; and 2. To select better genotype in respect to growth components.

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out the Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh. The experimental field was medium high land belonging to the Sonatola Soil Series of Grey Floodplain soil under the agro-ecological zone of Old Bahmaputra Flood plain (AEZ-9). The soil was silty loam. Seven advanced mutant lines along with one mustard variety (BINAsarisa-4) were collected from Plant Breeding Division, BINA, Mymensingh and used as treatment in the present study. The characters of advanced mutant lines are still unknown. The variety, BINA sarisa-4 was released in 1998 for country wide cultivation. It requires 90-95 days to mature. The average yield potential of BINA sarisa-4 is about 2.0 t ha^-1.The land of the experimental site was first opened with power tiller. After ploughing and laddering, all the stubbles and uprooted weeds were removed and the land was made ready. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with 3 replications. The size of the unit plot was 4.0 m × 2.5 m. Distances between block to block and plot to plot were 1.0 and 0.5 meter, respectively. Plant to plant and row to row distances were maintained as 5-8 cm and 30 cm, respectively. Urea, TSP, MP, gypsum and borax were used. The seeds of mustard were hand sown in rows and placed at about 3-4 cm depth from the soil surface. Plants were thinned at 5-8 cm distance from one another at 20 days after sowing (DAS). Weeding was done once at 20 DAS only. Two irrigations were applied. The first irrigation was applied at 21 DAS and second one at 45 DAS. At flowering, few plants were affected by aphid. To control aphid, Malathion 57 EC was sprayed @ 25 L ha-¹ in the afternoon by using a sprayer. To study ontogenetic growth characteristics, a total of five harvests were made. At final harvest, data were collected on some morpho-physiological parameters. The first crop sampling was done at 30 DAS and continued at an interval of 10 days up to 70 DAS. From each sampling, five plants were randomly selected from each plot and uprooted for collecting necessary data. The plants were separated into leaves, stems and roots and corresponding dry weight were recorded after oven drying at 80 ± 2°C for 72 hours. The leaf area of each sample was measured by LICOR automatic leaf area meter (Model: LICOR 2000).The growth analyses like AGR and RGR were carried out. Absolute growth rate (AGR): Rate of dry matter production per unit of time per plant = {(W₂ - W₁) ÷ (T₂ – T₁)} g plant^-1day^-1. Where, W₂ and W₁ are the DM at time T₂ and T₁, respectively. Relative growth rate (RGR): Rate of dry matter production per unit if dry matter per unit of time = {(lnW₂ - lnW₁) ÷ (T₂– T₁)} g g^-1day^-1^. Where, W₂ and W₁ are the DM at time T₂ and T₁ , respectively. It is the ratio of leaf area subtended by land area = {(Leaf area) ÷ (Land area)}. Plant height (cm): Plant height was taken to be the length between the base of the plant to the tip of the main stem. Total dry matter plant^-1 (g): The total dry matter was recorded by drying (80 °C± 2) for 72 hours and calculated from summation of leaves, stem, roots and pods dry weights taken in an electronic balance. The date of harvest was determined when 85-90% of the siliqua became brown colour. The Maturity dates were different among the varieties. Before harvesting the plots, 10 plants were randomly selected from each plot for necessary morphological characters. The plots were harvested separately and tagged and brought to the threshing floor and dried in the sun. The seeds were threshed by mild pounding with stick. The collected data were analyzed statistically following the analysis of variance (ANOVA) technique and the mean differences were adjusted with Duncans Multiple Range Test (DMRT) using the statistical computer package program, MSTAT-C.

Source of Information: J. Agrofor. Environ. 6 (1): 117-120, 2012; ISSN 1995-6983

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The ontogenetic variation in plant height, leaf area, leaf area index and total dry mass production of mustard mutants/variety differed significantly at all growth stages. Of the mutants/variety, BINAsarisa-4 was the tallest (92.9 cm) whilst RM 01 and RM 10 was the shortest (83.9 cm). The maximum LAL (3.55) was observed in RM 03 followed by RM 05 whilst the lowest in RM 10 (2.69). The highest TDM Plant^-1was observed in RM 05 (13.92g) and the lowest in RM 01 (9.16g). However, the LAL increased till 60 DAS followed by a decline due to leaf shedding at later growth stages. The variation in growth parameters like AGR and RGR of mustard mutants/variety were significant at all growth stages. AGR increased till 60 DAS followed by decline with age. On the other hand, the RGR increased till 50 DAS and then decreased with increasing plant age. The mutant RM 05 showed superiority in AGR and RGR at most of the growth stages compared to others. In contrast, RM 01 showed inferiority in case of AGR and RGR over its growth period.

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