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Effect of Nitrogen and Potassium on Morpho-physiological Characteristics of Fine Grain Aromatic Rice

K. I. Akanda
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

A. K. M. Azad-ud-Doula Prodhan
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

S. Rahman
Department of Agricultural Extension, Khamarbari, Dhaka

M. S. Alam
Germplasm Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

S. Afrin
Upozilla Nirbahi Office, Damurhuda, Chuadanga

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A pot experiment was conducted at the pot yard of Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh during the period rom July to December 2009 to study the effect of nitrogen and potassium and their interaction on morpho-physiological characteristics of fine grain aromatic rice cv. RM 100-16. The two factor experiment comprised of four levels of nitrogen fertilizer viz., 0, 25, 50 and 75 kg N ha^-1, and four levels of potassium application viz. 0, 15, 25 and 35 kg K ha^-1. The experiment was laid out in completely randomized design with four replications. Nitrogen was applied in the form of urea as per treatment. Potassium was applied in the form of muriate of potash. Results revealed that different levels of nitrogen and potassium application and their interaction had significant effect on morpho-physiological, biochemical; yield attributes and yields in fine grain aromatic rice. The results revealed that plant height, number of effective tillers hill^-1, total sugar content in leaves, number of grains panicle^-1 and 1000-grain weight increased with increasing nitrogen levels till 50 kg N ha^-1 where as leaf area and straw weight hill^-1 chlorophyll, nitrate reductase activity and amino acid content in leaves increased till 75 kg N ha^-1. The highest grain yield was recorded in 50 kg N ha^-1 (25.82 g ha^-1) due to production of highest number of effective tillers hill^-1 (19.2) and filled grains panicle^-1 (170.6). However, the highest harvest index was recorded in 25 kg N ha^-1 (43.54%). For potassium effect, results revealed that plant height, number of effective tillers hill^-1, chlorophyll content and nitrate reductase activity in leaves, number of filled grains panicle^-1, 1000-grain weight and harvest index increased till 25 kg K ha^-1 where as leaf area and straw weight hill^-1 total sugar and amino acid content in leaves increased till 35 kg K ha^-1. The highest grain yield was recorded in 25 kg K ha^-1 (21.83 g hill^-1) due to production of highest number of effective tillers hill^-1 (14.6) and filled grains panicle^-1 (160.0). In contrast, control plant produced the lowest yield due to inferior growth, biochemical Parameters and yield attributes. For combined effect of nitrogen and potassium, results revealed that 50 kg N ha^-1with 25 kg K ha^-1 produced the highest grain yield (27.02 g hill^-1) followed by N₅₀ × K₃₅ (26.00 g hill^-1).

Keywords: Nitrogen, Potassium, Morpho-physiological characteristics, Fine grain, Aromatic rice

Location: Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-07-2009

End Date: 00-12-2009

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

1. To assess optimum level of nitrogen and potassium for maximizing the grain yield and quality of fine grain rice; and to find out suitable combination of nitrogen and potassium levels for maximizing grain yield of promising fine grain rice cv. RM 100-16.

Methodology:

A pot experiment was carried out at the pot yard of Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh, during the period from July to December 2009 to study the effect of nitrogen and potassium and their interaction on morpho-physiological characteristics of fine grain aromatic rice. The advanced fine grain aromatic rice mutant, RM 100-16 was used as planting material. The mutant was developed by applied mutagenic agent, EMS to the local improved variety, Ukanimadhu. The mutant RM 100-16 shorter, matured seven days earlier with 10% higher yield than the mother, Ukanimadhu.The experiment comprised of two factors: Factor A: Four levels of nitrogen viz., 0 (conlrol), 25, 50 and 75 kg N ha^-1 and Factor B: Four levels of potassium viz., 0 (control), 15, 25 and 35 kg K ha^-1. Nitrogen was applied in the form of urea and potassium was applied in the form of muriate of potash. The muriate of potash was applied at basal dose and urea was applied at three splits: one third of urea was top dressed at 10 DAT and the rest of the urea was top dressed in two equal splits at 35 and 55 DAT. The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four replications. Two seedlings were sown in each pot on 08 August 2009. For raising rice seedlings, the soil was well prepared through mixing fertilizers and cowdung. The seeds of each genotype were sown in the seed bed on 08 July 2009. Before sowing in seed bed, the grains were water soaked for 24 hours and then these were kept in gunny bag in dark condition. The seed beds were prepared in iron sheet (50 cm × 60 cm). The triple superphosphate, gypsum and zinc sulphate were used at the rate of 3.70, 0.80 and 0.50 g pot^-1 corresponding to 50, 40, and 5 kg ha^-1, respectively. Earthen pots of 30 cm diameter and 35 cm height were used for the experiment. The pots of the experiment were filled with 12 kg of soils. Thirty days old seedlings were uprooted carefully from the seedbed for transplanting. To maintain required plant pot^-1, gap filling was done within a week of transplanting. Maturity of the crop was determined when about 90% grains became golden yellow. Before harvest, plant height, number of effective and non-effective tillers hill^-1 was recorded. After necessary data recorded, the hill of each pot was harvested at maturity on 08 December 2009. Data on the following parameters were recorded on plant height (cm), Number of effective tillers, number of non-effective tillers, leaf area, straw yield, leaf chlorophyll, nitrate reeducates, total sugar, amino acid, number of grains panicle, weight of 1000 grains, grain yield and harvest index. The collected data were analyzed statistically following the analysis of variance (ANOVA) technique and the mean differences were adjudged by uncial's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) using the statistical computer package pogrom, MSTAT-C.

Source of Information: J. Agrofor. Environ. 6 (1): 99-103, 2012; ISSN 1995-6983

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It may be concluded that application of nitrogen and potassium had tremendous effect on growth, biochemical parameters and yield in fine grain aromatic rice; and Application of 50 kg N ha^-1with 25 kg K ha^-1 appears to be the best combination for getting maximum yield in fine grain aromatic rice cv. RM 100-16.

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