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Studies on the Optimum Protein to Energy Ratio of African Catfish (clarias Gariepinus Burchell)

M.A. Hossain
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

A.K.M.A. Shah
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M.N. Islam
Dept. of Fish Technology, BAU, Mymensingh

S. Begum
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A laboratory trial was conducted to determine the optimum dietary protein to energy (P/E) ratio of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus. The experiment was carried out in a flow-through system for 6 weeks. There were 12 treatments each with two replicates having 10 fish each with a mean initial weight of 1.80 ±0.02g.Twelve semi-purified diets were formulated with four digestible crude protein levels (23, 26.5, 30 and 33.5%) and three digestible energy levels (2.25, 2.75 and 3.25 Kcal/g). The fish were fed three times daily at satiation level. The results of the study showed that, diet containing 33.5% digestible protein and 2.75 kcal/g digestible energy with a protein to energy ratio of 121 .8 (mg protein/kcal) appeared to be best utilized for growth.

Keywords: Clarias gariepinus, Protein-energy ratio, African catfish

Location: Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-10-1995

End Date: 00-11-1995

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Cat fish

Objectives:

To determine the optimum dietary protein to energy ratio for fingerlings of Clarias gariepinus

Methodology:

Experimental system - The experiment was conducted for 6 weeks during the month of October to November'95 in a flow-through system in the laboratory of the Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. Twenty four plastic buckets of 20 I capacity were used as experimental tanks. All the buckets set in the flow-through system were arranged in two rows and kept on a iron frame to facilitate better observation and accessibility. Water supply was from a deep tubewell and water was agitated before being collected in a header tank on the roof of the building. Since it was a continuous flow-through system, no artificial aeration was used in the tanks. Experimental fish and acclimatization - Fingerlings of African catfish, C. gariepinus were collected from the Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. Fish were then given a prophylactic treatment with 0.5 ppm KMn0₄ solution. Before starting the experiment the fish were acclimatized to the experimental system for one week. During this period the fish were fed formulated pelleted feed containing 35% protein. Experimental procedure - Twelve treatments were scheduled for the study. Each treatment had two replicates and 10 fish per replicate with a mean initial weight of 1.80 ± 0.02g. Initial and final weight of fish in each tank were recorded individually on an electric balance. The fish were fed three times a day at 9.00, 13.00 and 17.00 h at satiation level throughout the study period. The amount of feed fed by fish was recorded for subsequent calculation of food conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratios and apparent net protein utilization. Experimental diets - Fish meal was the main protein source used in diet formulation and the analysed proximate composition value of protein, lipid, ash, crude fibre and NFE were 65.18, 11.24, 21.51, 0.5 and 1.57% respectively. Twelve semi-purified diets were formulated with 4 digestible crude protein levels of 23, 26.5, 30 and 33.5% each having 3 digestible energy levels of 2.25, 2.75 and 3.25 kcal/g respectively. The specification and formulation of the experimental diets are recorded. The digestible coefficient values of protein and energy of fish meal, fish oil, soybean oil and dextrin was determined since same ingredients and formulation was used for experimental diets. The digestible energy (DE) value of fish meal, fish oil, dextrin and soybean oil estimated in terms of Kcal/g of the ingredients were 3.68, 3.22, 4.38 and 4.44 Kcal/g. respectively. The protein digestibility coefficients of fish meal used was 88.05%. The desired protein and energy in the experimental diets were maintained by varying proportion of fish meal, fish oil, soybean oil, dextrin and alfa-cellulose. Experimental diets were prepared and the analysed composition of the prepared diets.Water quality - The water quality parameters such as temperature was recorded by Celcius thermometer and pH by a pH meter (portable digital pH meter, OSK 1148). Dissolved oxygen was measured using DO meter. Carcass composition - At the start of the experiment 20 fish from the stock were randomly taken for analysis of proximate composition and considered as initial carcass composition. At the end of the experiment, 5 fish from each replicate was sacrificed for final carcass analysis. Analytical methods - Feed ingredients, diets and fish samples were analysed for their proximate composition according to standard procedures. Statistical analysis of the data was performed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan's New Multiple Range Test.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Fish. Res., 2 (1): 47-54, 1998

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Diet containing 33.5% digestible protein and 2.75 Kcal/g energy with a protein to energy ratio of 121.8 (mg protein/Kcal) appeared to be best utilized for the growth of C. gariepinus.

Knowledge Management: Journal