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Amounts and Mineralization of Organic Phosphorus Compounds and Derivatives in Some Surface Soils of Bangladesh

A. ISLAM
Department of Soil Science, University of Dacca, Dacca

R. MANDAL
Department of Soil Science, University of Dacca, Dacca

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Concentrations of a few organic phosphorus compounds and their hydrolysis products have been determined in a number of Bangladesh soils. The amounts of DNA and its derivatives, inositol penta- and hexaphosphates, ranged from 0.16 to 1.80, and 18.5 to 130.0 ppm, respectively. The hydrolysis products of phospholipids such as choline, ethanolamine and glycerophosphate ranged from 0.36 to 3.29,0.28 to 2.52 and 0.20 to 1.05 ppm, respectively. Multiple correlation suggested that pH, organic matter, organic phosphorus and total phosphorus were collectively related to the amounts of different organic phosphorus fractions in soil samples. Individually, DNA and its derivatives were found to be significantly related to total phosphorus and inositol penta- and hexa- phosphates to organic phosphorus. Choline was significantly related to organic matter, organic phosphorus and total phosphorus; ethanolamine to organic matter and total phosphorus; and glycerophosphate to organic phosphorus. Moisture and lime promoted progressive mineralization of organic phosphorus with time. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, glucose and ammonium sulphate showed rapid initial and final mineralization. In contrast, the application of compost caused an initial luxury immobilization followed by a marked increase in mineralization with time. Maximum mineralization was observed when ammonium sulphate was added to samples in submerged conditions. The least mineralization occurred when lime was added to samples at 50% of field moisture capacity.

Keywords: Organic phosphorus, Mineralization, Ammonium sulphate

Location:

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Fertilizer

Objectives:

To estimate the various organic phosphorus compounds present in some soils of Bangladesh and to follow the mineralization of total organic phosphorus under different conditions.

Methodology:

Samples of surface soils (0-12 cm) were collected from nine tracts of Bangladesh. A general description of the soil samples along with their classification according to USDA Soil Taxonomy is . Some of their physical and chemical properties pH was measured electro-chemically by using a Pye glass electrode, the soil and water ratio being 1 : 2.5. Organic carbon was determined by Tinsley's wet combustion method as described by Bremner and Jenkinson (1960). The method of Mehta et al. (1954) was used for determining organic and total phosphorus. Analyses were made by methods outlined for inositol phosphate by Omotoso and wild (1970), phospholipids and their hydrolysis products by Hance and Anderson (1963), DNA and its derivatives by Anderson (1961), and inositol penta- and hexaphosphates by McKercher and Anderson (1968).Experiments were carried out to study the influence of each of moisture, lime, compost, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, glucose and ammonium sulphate on the mineralization of organic phosphorus in soil samples. 500 g of soil samples were placed in 600 ml tubes (15 cm × 7 cm, locally prepared polythene tubes). Different amounts of calcium carbonate were added to bring the pH of the samples to 6.0, 6.5, 7.0 or 8.0. Each was then incubated at 50% field moisture capacity. Compost, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, glucose and ammonium sulphate were each, added at the rate of 112.08 kg/ha independently. Each was then again incubated at 25%, 50%, 100% of field moisture capacity and under a submerged condition.

Source of Information: Geoderma, 17(1977) 57-68, Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, Amsterdam- Printed in The Netherlands

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Achievement/Findings:

When each of compost, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, glucose and ammonium sulphate was added independently with moisture at different levels, the nature of mineralization changed. The addition of Mineralization of soil organie phosphorus witli time: A. as affected by compost; B. as affected by potassium dihydrogen phosphate; C. as affected by glucose; D. as affected by ammonium sulphate. An initial luxury immobilization for a period of 15 days followed by increased mineralization after 30 days. This was followed by enhanced mineralization as incubation proceeded. with potassium dihydrogen phosphate, glucose and ammonium sulphate, however, there was slight mineralization during the initial 7 days. This was followed by a slight decrease up to 15 days, except in two cases (glucose under submerged conditions and potassium dihydrogen phosphate with samples at 50% of field moisture capacity). For all of these treatments, mineralization increased with time.

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