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Performance of Some Mainland Trees and Palm Species Planted in the Coastal Islands of Bangladesh

Sk. Ahiul Islam
Divisional Officer
Plantation Trial Unit Division Bangladesh Forest Research Institute Rupatali, Barisal 8207

Md. Abdul Quddus Miah
Field Investigator
Plantation Trial Unit Division Bangladesh Forest Research Institute Rupatali, Barisal 8207

Md. Ahsan habib
Field Investigator
Plantation Trial Unit Division Bangladesh Forest Research Institute Rupatali, Barisal 8207

Md. Golam Moula
Senior Research Officer
Plantation Trial Unit Division Bangladesh Forest Research Institute Rupatali, Barisal 8207

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Considering the sustainability of coastal forests, a trial with 13 mainland tree species was conducted at Rangabali island of Patuakhali district and Char Kukri-Mukri island of Bhola district to observe the site-suitability and growth performance of the species. Another experiment of 4 palm species was conducted in a foreshore area of Char Kukri-Mukri island. On the basis of survival, height and diameter growth, Samania saman (Jacq.) Merr. (rain tree), Casuarina equisetifolia Forst. (jhao), Pithecellobium dulce Benth. (payara), Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth. (kala koroi) and Albizia procera (Roxb.) Benth. (sada koroi) at Rangabali; and P. dulce, Acacia nilotica (L.) Willd. (babla), S. saman and C. equisetifolia at Char Kukri-Mukri were found promising. Among the palm species, Cocos nucifera L. (coconut) Phoenix sylvestris Roxb.(date palm) and Borassus flabellifer L. (palmyra palm) showed good growth performance in the foreshore area. Therefore, these promising mainland trees and palm species are suitable for raising large scale plantations in the raised coastal lands of Bangladesh.

Keywords: Coastline, Afforestation, Mainland tree, Palm species, Growth performance

Location: Rangabali of Patuakhali district and Char Kukri-Mukri of Bhola district.

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Tree

Objectives:

To find out suitable species for coastal raised lands for the continuous establishment of forest cover in the coastal belt.

Methodology:

The plantation trial Unit Division of Bangladesh Forest Research Institute carried out an elimination trial of some mainland tree species in 1994 along the central coastline at two offshore islands. The Rangabali and Char Kukri-mukri islands are under Patuakhali and Bhola districts. Both islands are offshore of Bangladesh. The site condition of these two island was more or less similar. Soil of the site was silt -clay -loam. Soil salinity in the monsoon and dry season was remarkable varying between 1.5-4.0 ds/m. Soil PH was slightly alkaline and varying between 7.5-8.0 ( Siddiqi and Khan -2000). Thirteen mainland tree species namely Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth.(Kala koroi, A. procera (Roxb.) Benth. (sada koroi).Samanea saman (Jacq.) Merr. ( rain tree), Acacia nilotica (L.) Wild. (babla), Thespesia populnea (L.) Soland. (sonboloi), Swietenia macrophylla King.(mehogoni), Leucanea leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit (ipil-ipil), Azadirachta indica A. Juss. (neem), Pithecellobium dulce Benth. ( payara), Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels (kalojam), Casuarina equsetifolia Forst. (jhao), Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. (sissoo), and Lagerstroemia speciosa (L.) Pers. (jarul) were included in this trial at both Rangabali and Char Kukri-Mukri islands. These species generally grow in the low lying areas of the coastal belt. The seed/fruits were collected from phenotypically superior trees.Seeds were sown in polybags of size 15 cm x 25 cm which were filled with powdered loamy soil and cowdung at 3:1 ratio seedlings were raised in the nursery and were kept for sixth months. The sites were prepared by making heaps of size 60cm x 60cm wide and 40cm high. Seedlings were planted at 2.0m x 2,0m spacing. The experiment was laid out in RCBD with three replications. Planting was done in the late monsoon ( August-September) allowing the seedlings to avoid the impact of tidal inundation and wave action.Another experiment was laid out with 4 palm species in the foreshore areas under Char Kukri-Mukri islands in 1999. These species are namely Cocos nucifera L. ( coconut), Borassus flabellifer L. (palmyra palm), Phoenix sylvestris Roxb.( date palm), Areca catechu L. ( betel nut). Seedlings of these species except C. nucifera were raised in polybags and kept in the nursery for about 10-12 months. The sites were prepared by making mini-mound of 7.3m x 1.8m x0.5/ 7.3m x 1.5m x0.5m in the foreshore lands.Ten to twelve months old seedlings were planted on the top of the mounds. The spacings were 5.48bm from seedlings to seedlings for B. flabellifer, C. nucifera and P. sylvestris and 1.82 m for A. catechu. The data in relation to survival, height and diameter growth were collected of these experiments in June, 2011.

Source of Information: Journal of The Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. Science Vol. 40 No-1, June 2014,page 9-15

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. World Bank

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

On the basis of survival, height and diameter growth, Samania saman (Jacq.) Merr. (rain tree), Casuarina equisetifolia Forst. (jhao), Pithecellobium dulce Benth. (payara), Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth. (kala koroi) and Albizia procera (Roxb.) Benth. (sada koroi) at Rangabali; and P. dulce, Acacia nilotica (L.) Willd. (babla), S. saman and C. equisetifolia at Char Kukri-Mukri were found promising. Among the palm species, Cocos nucifera L. (coconut) Phoenix sylvestris Roxb.(date palm) and Borassus flabellifer L. (palmyra palm) showed good growth performance in the foreshore area. Therefore, these promising mainland trees and palm species are suitable for raising large scale plantations in the raised coastal lands of Bangladesh. If proper management and supervision can be ensured, the plantation of the promising mainland tree species and with palm species in foreshore areas in the coastal is likely to offer sustained yield and render a permanent forest cover in the coastal belt of Bangladesh.

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