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Effects of Different Botanicals and Chemicals on the Incidence of Sucking Insect Pests and Their Impact on Mosaic Disease of Mungbean

M M Moniruzzaman Kabir
SO
Entomology Division, BRRI

Niaz Md. Farhat Rahman
SSO
Agricultural Statistics Division, BRRI

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted at the research field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka during the period from April to November, 2011 to manage the sucking insects of mungbean and its impact on incidence of mosaic disease. The mungbean variety, BARI mung 4 was grown in the field and seven treatments viz., Ripcord 10EC, Actara 25WG, Marshal 20EC, Malathion 57EC, Neem oil, Tamarind extract and an untreated control were tested against the sucking pests. Whitefly, jassid, aphid and leaf hooper were found as sucking insects and whitefly was the most abundant in mungbean field. The lowest population of aphid, jassid, whitefly and leafhopper (3.85, 1.80, 4.90, 1.35 plant^-1 respectively at vegetative stage & 2.80, 1.25, 3.80, 0.55 plant^-1 respectively at reproductive stage) was found in marshal 20EC treated plots which showed maximum percent reduction of aphid, jassid, whitefly and leafhoppers over control (63.17%, 55.70%, 57.33% & 64.76% respectively at vegetative stage & 66.65%, 65.01%, 58.89% & 75.79% respectively at reproductive stage). The number of mosaic infected plant was found lowest (6.75/plot at before flowering and 4.75/plot at after flowering stage) in the same treatment. Marshal also produced the maximum plant height (90.25 cm), dry weight of plant (62.85 g), number of pods plant^-1 (26.25), length of pod (7.19 cm), number of seeds pod^-1 (8.25), 1000-seed weight (35.50 g) and gave highest yield (566.50 g plot^-1) of mungbean followed by ripcord 10 EC. Neem oil showed the intermediate results considering all the parameters. The results of present study indicate that the marshal 20EC was the most effective treatment against sucking insects and mosaic infection.

Keywords: Sucking pests, Chemicals, Botanicals and Mungbean

Location: Research field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka

Start Date: 00-04-2011

End Date: 00-11-2011

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Mungbean

Objectives:

To manage the sucking insects of mungbean and its impact on incidence of mosaic disease.

Methodology:

The present research was conducted at the research field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka during the period from April to November, 2011. The field trial was carried out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications. Seeds of Mungbean variety BARI mung 4 were collected from the Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur, Bangladesh. Before planting, seeds were treated with Vitavex-200 @0.25% to prevent seeds from the attack of soil borne disease. Furadan 5G @1.2 kg ha-1 was also used as per treatment against wireworm and mole cricket. Seeds were sown on 20th April, 2011 in 28 plots. The whole field was divided into four blocks of equal size having 1.0 m space between the blocks and 0.5m between the plots. The unit plot size was 3.0 m× 2.0 m accommodating row to row and plant to plant distances 35 cm and 15 cm, respectively. Seeds were placed at about 5 cm depth from the soil surface. Three seeds were sown in each hole. Supplementary irrigation was applied when needed. Proper drainage system was also developed for draining out excess water. Weeding was done as and when necessary. Excess seedlings of mungbean were thinned out two times. First thinning was done after 15 days of sowing which was done to remove unhealthy seedlings. The second thinning was done 10 days after first thinning. Manures and fertilizers were applied as per fertilizers recommendation guide.

The treatments were as follows:
T₁ = Application of Ripcord 10 EC @ 1.0 ml L^-1 of water at 7 days interval.
T₂= Application of Actara 25 WG @ 0.25 g L^-1 of water at 7 days interval.
T₃ = Application of Marshal 20EC @ 3 ml L^-1 of water at 7 days interval.
T₄ = Malathion 57EC@ 2 ml L^-1 of water at 7 days interval
T₅ = Application of Neem oil @ 3 ml L^-1 of water + 3 g detergent at 7 days interval.
T₆= Application of Tamarind extract @ 100 g L^-1 of water at 7 days interval.
T₇ = Untreated control

Data Collection: Number of sucking pests (aphid, jassid, whitefly and leaf hopper) were recorded at vegetative and reproductive stage. Five randomly plants of each plot were selected for the collection of data. After application of the treatments percent reduction of pests were estimated on the basis of control treated plant where the maximum number of sucking pests attacked. Incidence of mosaic diseases were recorded at before and after flowering stage of the crop. Data on number of insects and mosaic disease were recorded at an interval of 7 days commencing from first incidence and continued up to the 14 weeks (14 times). Plant height from the ground surface to the top of the main shoot was measured in centimeter by a meter scale at vegetative and reproductive stage and their average data was recorded per replication. Number of leaves per plant^-1 was also recorded at before and after flowering stage. All pods were separated from five sample plants and the total number of pods were counted and recorded. Average number of pods per plant was calculated. Pod length was measured in centimeter (cm) scale from randomly selected five pods. The plant dry matter weight was taken by oven dry method. Five plant samples were randomly collected from unit plot at the harvest period were gently washed to remove sand and dust particles adhere to the plants. Then the water adhere to the plants were soaked with paper towel. After then the samples were kept in an oven at 70^oC for 72 hours to attain constant weight. When the plant samples were attained at constant weight, the dry weights were recorded at harvest. Number of seeds pod^-1 was recorded after harvesting of the crop from the five randomly selected pods from five pre-selected plants was counted. The data were pooled over and then averaged to obtain the mean value of each parameter. One thousand grains were randomly counted and selected from the stock seed and weighed in gram by digital electric balance. After harvesting the plant was sun-dried and threshed by pedal thresher. Seeds were properly sun-dried and their weights recorded. Seed yield was then converted to g plot^-1. Statistical Analysis: Data were analyzed by using MSTAT software for analysis of variance. Mean values were ranked by Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at 5% level of significance which was used to compare the mean differences among the treatments.

Source of Information: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT,Vol 3 Issue 5, May,2014

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the above results, it might be concluded that among all the applied chemical insecticides and botanicals, marshal 20 EC showed the superior performance on control the sucking pests as well as on growth and yield of the crop. However, further studies may be needed for ensuring the sucking pests incidence on mungbean and its impact on mosaic diseases as well as the growth and yield performance and to make sure the better performance of marshal 20 EC.

Knowledge Management: Journal