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Study on Genetic Divergence and Relationship Between Yield and Yield Contributing Characters in Spring Wheat

Dalia Hasna
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Mst. Fouzia Ferdous
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Md. Sultan Mia
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

A.K.M. Shamsuddin
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The present research work was aimed at to study the genetic divergence and relationship between yield and yield contributing characters in 20 genotypes of spring wheat. The characters viz.days to 90% maturity, plant height, spikes per plant, spike length, grains per spike, 100 grain weight, harvest index and grain yield per plant were investigated and significant variations were observed among the genotypes. Divergence analysis clustered the studied genotypes into 4 diverse groups. The maximum number of genotypes were included in cluster II followed by Cluster I. The cluster III and IV contained few numbers of genotypes. The highest intra-cluster distance was obtained for cluster II followed by Cluster I and cluster III. The maximum inter-cluster distance was observed between genotypes of cluster III and IV followed by cluster II and III, and cluster III and I. Comparison of cluster means for all the characters indicated considerable genetic divergence between the groups. Study of correlations showed that grain yield per plant was significantly and positively correlated with grains per spike at both phenotypic and genotypic levels and with spikes per plant at phenotypic level. Among the studied characters, spikes per plant showed the highest phenotypic coefficient of variation followed by grain yield per plant, grains per spike, harvest index and 100-grain weight. Study of heritability indicated that the characters plant height, 100-grain weight, days to 90% maturity and spikes per plant were highly heritable. Path coefficient analysis also confirmed that grains per spike, 100-grain weight, plant height and spikes per plant influenced grain yield directly in positive direction. Among them, grains per spike contributed the maximum effect on grain yield per plant. So, these characters should be taken into consideration in selection for yield improvement.

Keywords: Genetic divergence, Spring wheat, Heritability, Correlation and path coefficient

Location: field laboratory of the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-11-2008

End Date: 00-03-2009

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

1. To find out the association and quantify the direct and indirect influences of yield contributing characters on grain yield.

Methodology:

The study was conducted in the field laboratory of the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from November 2008 to March 2009. Twenty genotypes of spring wheat were collected from wheat germplasm collection of the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University. The experiment was set up in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The plot size was 2.5m × 1.5m with 50 cm distance consecutive plots as well as between two blocks. The spacing between rows and that of between plants in a row was 25 cm and 5 cm, respectively. Observations were recorded on ten plants randomly selected in each genotype in each replication on days to 90% maturity, plant height, spikes per plant, length of spike, grains per spike, 100 grain weight, biological yield, grain yield per plant, harvest index. Mahalanobis’s D2 statistics was used to calculate the genetic divergence in the present population.

Source of Information: J. Agrofor. Environ. 5 (2): 141-144, 2011; ISSN 1995-6983

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The information and results of the present study indicate that grains per spike, 100-grain weight, plant height, and spikes per plant were the most important characters that contributed directly to grain yield per plant. Out of them, grains per spike, 100-grain weight and spikes per plant are the primary yield components and plant height is one of the important morphological traits contributing to grain yield in spring wheat. Therefore, selection for these characters would give better response to grain yield improvement in spring wheat.

Knowledge Management: Journal