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Effect of Water Saving Technology Through Alternate Wetting and Drying for Boro Rice Cultivation

M.R.I. Faruki
Improving Irrigation Market System, IDE Bangladesh

M.H. Ali
Improving Irrigation Market System, iDE Bangladesh

R.C. Saha
Improving Irrigation Market System, iDE Bangladesh

A.K. Roy
Improving Irrigation Market System, iDE Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An initiative was taken through The Improving Irrigation Market System (IIMS) Project to promote Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD) technology at Bogra and Gaibandha districts in 2009-10 year of boro rice to reduce water loss and saving the cost of irrigation for rice production. A total of 65 rice farmers set demonstrations in mentioned districts on AWD. The farmers supplied irrigation water in demo rice field by maintaining the AWD water table. The study showed that on average 21 numbers/frequencies of irrigation used in AWD technology practice from 15-20 days after transplanting to reproductive stage, whereas farmers practiced was 26 numbers. The average five irrigation applications were saved during the boro rice season. According to the data, on an average 15.86 hour/acre of irrigation time was saved (is equal to 12 liter diesel-fuel consumption: 0.750 liter/ hour). The value of 12 liter diesel was about Tk 550/acre saved and it was on an average 19.5 % irrigation cost reduced in the AWD plot compared to control plot. Benefit of the AWD method showed that on an average the direct financial benefit was saved Tk 550/acre. It was also indicated that AWD practices’ yield increased compared to farmer practices. Average yield 2292 kg/acre on AWD plots and 2230 kg/acre for control plots. So yield increased 62 kg/acre (2.7%) in AWD plot compare to control plots.

Keywords: Water, AWD, Boro rice, Wetting, Drying

Location: Sonatala, Sariakandhi, Gabtali and Sherpur upazila under Bogra and Gobindhaganj and Palashbari upazila under Gaibandha district

Start Date: 00-00-2011

End Date: 00-12-2011

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Water productivity

Objectives:

1. To find out the performance of the AWD on Boro Rice cultivation and its impact on irrigation cost.

Methodology:

About 65 Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD) demonstration were set during 2009-10 in Sonatala, Sariakandhi, Gabtali and Sherpur upazila under Bogra and Gobindhaganj and Palashbari upazila under Gaibandha district. Every farmer received informal training on AWD technology. AWD Technology: Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD) is a water saving technology that boro rice farmers can apply to reduce their water use in irrigated field. AWD is a single device that has been designed to observe water level in rice field for deciding the frequency and time of irrigation. A tube can be made from 30cm (12 inch) long plastic PVC pipe and have a diameter of 10 cm or more so that the water table is easily visible. Make a pore/hole in the tube on all sides up to 20 cm from bottom and top 10 cm as usual. Different NGOs, Department of Agricultural Extension (DAE), Bogra and Gaibandha are working to promote AWD at farmers’ level. Fixation of AWD in rice field: About 15-20 days after transplanting the boro rice, set 8-10 AWD device/acre considering high and low of rice field. Then the AWD device installed with 10 cm above from the surface and the remaining 20 cm of the perforated pipe placed in depth of the soil. Remove the soil from the AWD device of 20 cm in depth of soil. When excessive weeds were present, AWD postponed for 2-3 weeks until weed suppressed in rice plot. Irrigation by observing AWD water layer: Each selected 65 plots were divided into two parts, one part was irrigation maintained by AWD practice and the other part was irrigation maintained by farmer practice. A practical way monitored the depth of standing water on the rice field by observing AWD water layer. The AWD device set 15-20 days after planting. The depth of standing water gradually decreased after irrigation, when standing water dropped in to 15 cm below of AWD tube from the surface soil, irrigation was re-applied in the field up to 5 cm. This thumb roll followed up to flowering stage. Just after transplanting, the minimum irrigation water level in the rice field was maintained at 2-4cm up to 15-20 days and the same principle is continued also flowering to milking stages. The water level again dropped up to 15 cm below from soil surface in rice ripening stage. The water level in the PVC pipe was monitored everyday and water status was also monitored in the farmer plots. Irrigation was supplied when water level was reached at 15 cm below of the PVC pipe from the surface level. The demonstration basic information, irrigation frequency, irrigation time, fuel consumption etc data were taken by the farmer for evaluation of the system. Crop cut sample was harvested from five different locations in each plot taking 1 sq .m area in each location. Yield was adjusted at 14% moisture content. The one format was developed for collecting the data and oriented the farmer how they collect and preserve the data. After collecting the data a computer data base was prepared.

Source of Information: J. Agrofor. Environ. 5 (1): 11-14, 2011; ISSN 1995-6983

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

There was significant effect of rice yield for AWD technology. It is revealed that 62 kg/acre (153 kg/hector) more yield in AWD plot than control plot. It is compared to 2.7% more yield in AWD plot. The study finding also guessed that some diseases such as Sheath Blight, Sheath Rot, Bacterial Foot Rot and Tungro attack and also intensity of Brown Plant Hopper (BPH) decreased in AWD plot.

Knowledge Management: Journal