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Production Performance of Different Indigenous and Exotic Carps at Different Densities in Pond Polyculture System

D.R. Das
Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

M.N. Alam
Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

B.B.P. Choudhury
Technical School & College, Sunamgonj

M.A.A. Faroque
Department of fisheries (DoF), Dhaka

M.A. Haque
Marine Fisheries and Technology Station, Cox’s bazar

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Production performance of Indian and Chinese carps in pond polyculture system was conducted in 16 farmer’s ponds in two upazillas (Adomdighi and Dupchacia) under Bogra district. Two combinations viz., A and B (combination A, 6 species and combination B, 7 species) consisted of four treatments .In combination A silver carp, catla, rohu, mrigal, common carp and grass carp were used and in combination B above those with silver barb were used. The treatment differed from each other in respect of stocking density which was 30, 35, 40 and 45 per decimal in treatment I, II, III and IV, respectively. Duplicate treatments (I, II, III and IV) were used for each combinations of A and B with two replications for each. The growth rate of silver carp was higher than all other species except grass carp. The survival rate and contribution to the total production of silver carp was also highest. The exotic species showed the highest growth rate than the indigenous carps in all the treatments. There was no significant difference among the survival in different fishes in different treatments although there was an increase in mortality with the increase in density. Among the treatments of combination A, the highest production of fish (gross 6689, 47 kg/ha and net 6741.60 kg/ha) was recorded in treatment III and the lowest production (gross 5399.42 kg/ha and net 5199.05 kg/ha) was recorded in treatment I. In combination B of different treatments the highest production (gross 6123.77 kg/ha and net 5716.20 kg/ha) was recorded in treatment III and lowest production (gross 5228.01 kg/ha and net 5036.93 kg/ha) was recorded in treatment I. Significantly higher (P<0.05 production of fish was achieved in combination A than the combination B. Significant differences were ascertained among treatment’s production, highest production was achieved in treatment III (6989 kg/ha/ 305 days i.e. 8364 kg/ha/yr). There was significant differences between the production of treatment I and III, and IV, II and III, and also between III and IV but no significant difference was found between treatment I and II and between II and IV. The results indicated that the production increased that the production increased with the increase of stocking density 9980 up to fingerlings/ha i.e. 40/decimal and decreased with the further increase in density. Thus the combination of 3 indigenous carps and 3 exotic carps at the stocking density of 40/decimal is suggested to use in family pond aquaculture in Bangladesh.

Keywords: Indigenous carps, Exotic carps, Stocking density, combination, Production

Location: Two Thanas (Adomdighi and Dupchacia) under Bogra district

Start Date: 16-07-2006

End Date: 20-05-2007

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Carp fish

Objectives:

1. To evaluate the effects of species composition on fish growth and to assess the effects of stocking density and species combinations on fish production in pond culture.

Methodology:

The present study was conducted in farmers’ ponds under semi-intensive rearing system during the period of 16 July 2006 to 20 May 2007. Sixteen perennial flood free rain fed ponds were selected for the study in two Thanas (Adomdighi and Dupchacia) under Bogra district. Ponds size was varied from 0.117 hectare to 0.623 hectare having an average depth range from 1.54 to 2.14 m. Four (Two, 6 species + Two, 7 species) replicate ponds were maintained under each of the four different stocking densities culture model or treatments. Ponds were numbered randomly from 1 to 16. Ponds having odd number were stocked with 6 species of which 3 indigenous (Catla, Rohu, Mrigal) and 3 exotic carps (Silver carp, Grass carp, Common carp) and even number were stocked with the above 6 species and an additional species silver barb. All the ponds were properly prepared before stocking with fingerlings. The ponds were receiving sufficient sunlight. All kinds of aquatic vegetation were removed. The predatory and undesirable fishes were eradicated by netting repeatedly and cleaned by poisoning with rotenone at the rate of 5 mg/L. Liming was done immediately at the rate of 250 kg/ha. All the ponds were fertilized with cow dung at the rate of 2964 kg/ha after 3 days of liming. Urea and T.S.P were applied to all ponds at the rate of 22.23 kg/ha and 14.82 kg/ha, respectively after 5 days of using cow dung. Fingerlings were stocked after 7 days of fertilizer application when light plankton bloom was appeared. Over wintering healthy fingerlings were collected from a local fish vendor. The sizes of the fingerlings were 9-13 cm in length. The ponds were stocked from 16 to 19 July’2008 in the every morning. However, 16 ponds were divided into two combinations. In combination A, 8 ponds were stocked with 6 species of which 3 indigenous and 3 exotic species and stocking density was maintained 7410, 8645, 9880 and 11115/ha in duplicate. In combination B, the remaining 8 ponds, were stocked with those 6 species and an additional species silver barb and the total stocking density was maintained by the same way in duplicate as combination A. Organic fertilizer cow dung was applied when needed at the rate of 1235 kg/ha. Inorganic fertilizer urea and T.S.P. were also applied at the rate of 22.23 kg/ha and 14.82 kg/ha, respectively. For the proper growth of fishes supplementary feed consisting of rice bran (75%) and mustard oilcake (25%) was given to fish at the rate of 2% of the body weight everyday in the morning between 9.00 to 11.00 a.m. Individual weights of minimum 10% of initially stocked fishes of each species in numbers were recorded monthly to estimate the total fish biomass for adjusting the feeding rate as well as to know the growth and health status. For grass carp and silver barb green grasses, soft banana leaves, duckweeds were provided to the fishes. At the end of the experiment all the fishes were harvested by netting repeatedly with a seine net and draining out water from each pond and subsequently counted species wise. Afterward the final weight of each species was measured. The survival rate of each fish species for the treatments of both combinations was estimated by deducting the number of each fish species from the initial stocking number, the gross production of fish in each treatment was calculated by multiplying the average final weight and the survival of each fish species combinations, and the net production was also estimated by multiplying the average net weight gained and the survival of each fish species combinations during the study period. The obtained mean values of growth, survival and yield were compared by using analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was employed to differentiate the mean fish production in different treatments at 5% level of significance.

Source of Information: J. Agrofor. Environ. 5 (1): 31-36, 2011; ISSN 1995-6983

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

There was no significant difference among the survival in different fishes in different treatments although there was an increase in mortality with the increase in density. Among the treatments of combination A, the highest production of fish (gross 6689, 47 kg/ha and net 6741.60 kg/ha) was recorded in treatment III and the lowest production (gross 5399.42 kg/ha and net 5199.05 kg/ha) was recorded in treatment I. In combination B of different treatments the highest production (gross 6123.77 kg/ha and net 5716.20 kg/ha) was recorded in treatment III and lowest production (gross 5228.01 kg/ha and net 5036.93 kg/ha) was recorded in treatment I. Significantly higher (P<0.05 production of fish was achieved in combination A than the combination B. Significant differences were ascertained among treatment’s production, highest production was achieved in treatment III (6989 kg/ha/ 305 days i.e. 8364 kg/ha/yr). There was significant differences between the production of treatment I and III, and IV, II and III, and also between III and IV but no significant difference was found between treatment I and II and between II and IV. The results indicated that the production increased that the production increased with the increase of stocking density 9980 up to fingerlings/ha i.e. 40/decimal and decreased with the further increase in density. Thus the combination of 3 indigenous carps and 3 exotic carps at the stocking density of 40/decimal is suggested to use in family pond aquaculture in Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Journal