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Caprine Lung Diseases and Causal Bacteria

T. Ferdausi
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. G. Haider
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. G. Haider
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. A. Baki
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. M. Hossain
Department of Pathology and Parasitology, Barisal Government Veterinary College, Babuganj, Barisal, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Pathological conditions in lungs of slaughtered goats were studied. Sixty lungs were examined and tissue samples and swabs obtained for histopathology and bacterial isolation, respectively. The prevalence of lung diseases was 58.3% (n=35). Gross lesions were categorized into: (a) haemorrhage and congestion 25% (b) emphysema 21.7% (c) hepatization 3.3% and (d) granulomatous nodules about 1 mm diameter 8.3%. On histopathological examination, 10 types of lesions were found: (a) bronchitis 6.7%, (b) small cell anaplastic carcinoma 3.3%, (c) pneumonia 6.7%, (d) interstitial pneumonia 15%, (e) emphysema 6.7%, (f) bronchopneumonia 3.3%, (g) purulent pneumonia 5%, (h) haemorrhagic pneumonia 3.3%, (i) pulmonary adenomatosis 1.7% and (j) no lesions 6.7%. Pasteurella sp. (11.7%), Escherichia coli (E. coli; 6.7%), Staphylococcus sp. (36.7%) and Bacillus sp. (3.3%) were isolated from the lungs. Pasteurella sp. was found in haemorrhagic pneumonia, interstitial pneumonia, small cell anaplastic carcinoma and bronchitis, followed by Bacillus sp. in haemorrhagic pneumonia, E. coli in interstitial pneumonia and pulmonary adenomatosis and Staphylococcus sp. from emphysema, bronchopneumonia, pneumonia, bronchitis and purulent pneumonia.

Keywords: Caprine lung diseases, Causal bacteria

Location: Mymensingh sadar upazila

Start Date: 00-05-2007

End Date: 00-09-2007

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Diseases

Objectives:

1. To determine the status of lung diseases in Black Bengal goats.

Methodology:

Samples - Lung samples were collected immediately after slaughter from four abattoirs in Mymensingh sadar upazila (sub-district) from May to September 2007. Out of 60 lungs examined 35 were affected, and were collected for pathological studies: 35 swabs were collected aseptically from inner core of lungs, and immediately placed in nutrient broth for bacteriology. All samples were transferred to the laboratory for histopathology and bacteriology. Pathological studies - Gross : Sixty lungs were examined for gross abnormalities, which were recorded, and representative tissue samples containing lesions were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin for histopathology. Histopathology : The fixed tissues were processed. Photomicrography - Photomicrography was done using an Olympus PM-C 35 camera. Isolation and identification of bacteria - Test tubes containing samples were incubated for 24 hours at 37°C. From the nutrient broth, subcultures were done on blood agar, MacConkey agar, EMB agar, TSI agar and nutrient agar, and incubated at 37°C overnight. The identification of the organisms was done. The organisms were isolated and identified on the basis of colony and staining characteristics and biochemical tests. Biochemical tests - Catalase activity : Organisms were grown on a slope of nutrient agar. One ml 3% hydrogen peroxide was run down the slope and examined after 5 min for evolution of gases. Coagulase test : Undiluted plasma (0.5 ml) was mixed with an equal volume of old broth culture for 18-24 hour at 37°C for 4 hours and examined after 1 and 4 hours for a coagulum. Negative tubes were left at room temperature overnight and then re-xamined. e Indole test : Peptone water (2 ml) was inoculated with 5 ml of bacterial culture and incubated for 48 hours. Kovac’s reagent (0.5 ml) was added, shaken well and examined after one minute. Formation of a red layer was the indication of indole positive. Methyl- red test : A colony of the test organism was inoculated in 0.5 ml of sterile glucose phosphate broth (as used in the V-P test). After overnight incubation at 35-37°C, a drop of methyl red solution was added. A positive reaction was shown by a bright red colour, indicating acidity. A yellow or orange colour was indicated as negative. Maintenance of stock culture -To preserve organisms, they were inoculated at 37°C for 24 hours. After growth of the organisms the tubes were sealed with paraffin wax and kept at 4°C.

Source of Information: The Bangladesh Veterinarian (2008) 25(1) : 9 – 16

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The prevalence of lung diseases was 58.3% (n=35). Gross lesions were categorized into: (a) haemorrhage and congestion 25% (b) emphysema 21.7% (c) hepatization 3.3% and (d) granulomatous nodules about 1 mm diameter 8.3%. On histopathological examination, 10 types of lesions were found: (a) bronchitis 6.7%, (b) small cell anaplastic carcinoma 3.3%, (c) pneumonia 6.7%, (d) interstitial pneumonia 15%, (e) emphysema 6.7%, (f) bronchopneumonia 3.3%, (g) purulent pneumonia 5%, (h) haemorrhagic pneumonia 3.3%, (i) pulmonary adenomatosis 1.7% and (j) no lesions 6.7%. Pasteurella sp. (11.7%), Escherichia coli (E. coli; 6.7%), Staphylococcus sp. (36.7%) and Bacillus sp. (3.3%) were isolated from the lungs. Pasteurella sp. was found in haemorrhagic pneumonia, interstitial pneumonia, small cell anaplastic carcinoma and bronchitis, followed by Bacillus sp. in haemorrhagic pneumonia, E. coli in interstitial pneumonia and pulmonary adenomatosis and Staphylococcus sp. from emphysema, bronchopneumonia, pneumonia, bronchitis and purulent pneumonia.

Knowledge Management: Journal