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Utilization of Sunnhemp (crotalaria Juncea. L) Seed as a Protein Supplement in Fish Feed

M. H. Rashid
Department of Biochemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. T. Hossain
Department of Biochemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. G. Mortuza
Department of Biochemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

A. S. Chowdhury
Department of Biochemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A static indoor experiment consisting of nine glass aquaria was conducted with Tilapia (GIFT) to evaluate sunnhemp seed meal as an indigenous protein source and as protein concentrate substitute. Five iso-nitrogenous diets were formulated to contain about 35% protein by replacing protein concentrate from sunnhemp seed. Protein concentrate was used as principle source of protein in control diet (diet 1). The fishes were fed twice daily at a rate of 5% of their body weight. One replicate for diet 5 treatment and two replicates for the rest treatments were used. Each replicate contained 16 fishes. Water in aquaria was changed daily during removal of uneaten food or feces. The evaluation of the experimental diet was done based on the growth parameters; mean weight gain, weight gain (%), mean length, survival rate (SR) (%), whereas the evaluation of food utilization was done by food conservation ratio (FCR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER). Diet 5 however showed the best growth performance (compared to control) but exhibited the lowest FCR than the others. Diet 2 demonstrated the lowest growth performance among the diets.

Keywords: Sunnhemp, Approximate composition, Protein supplement, Tilapia fish

Location: Department of Biochemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh.

Start Date: 00-00-2010

End Date: 00-00-2010

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Feed

Objectives:

1. To study the nutrient composition of sunnhemp seed as well as to evaluate the nutritive value of sunnhemp seed meal as protein supplement in formulated fish feeds.

Methodology:

Fry of Tilapia nilotica (GIFT) were collected from Freshwater Station of Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh and were acclimatized to the experimental system for 24 days. During acclimatization the fish were fed with formulated feed (1% of body weight) containing 35% protein. Nine glass aquaria of 91 × 47 × 30 cm3 were used as experimental tank. Each of the aquaria was filled with about 30 L of filtered water. Ingredients selected to prepare experimental diets were: i) Protein concentrate: Protein concentrate was obtained from Jasoport, Joyson Agrovert Ltd and its percent composition is; Crude Protein - 60.00, Moisture - 7.00, Crude Fat - 10.0, Fibre - 4.0, Ash - 21.0 and ME - 3230 kcal/kg, ii) Soybean meal, iii) Maize starch (Korean), iv) Sunnhemp seed meal, v) Pure fish oil (China), vii) Soybean oil, viii) Vitamin premix All ingredients, except sunnhemp seed meal, were purchased from local market and sunnhemp seed meal was prepared in the laboratory. 5 iso-nitrogenous and isocaloric diets containing 35% protein were formulated. Attempts were also made to formulate diets by progressively replacing protein concentrate by the proteins from sunnhemp meal, soybean meal. Protein concentrates of diet 1 served as the principal source of protein. It was treated as control diet. Maize starch was mainly used as carbohydrate source in all the experimental diets. Diets were subjected to proximate analysis All the dietary ingredients were finely ground by mortar and sieved through 0.5 mm mesh and were mixed homogeneously with vitamin and mineral premix. Sufficient amount of water was added to make dough, which was passed through l mm diameter pelleting machine (Hobart Mixture Machine Model A200). The resultant pellets were sun dried for two days and stored in airtight plastic box until use. The fishes were fed the formulated diets twice daily; at 09:00 AM and at 16:00 PM at the rate of 5% of their body weight. Data about the feed fed were kept for subsequent calculation of food conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratio. Water quality parameters; temperature and pH were monitored by using pH meter (Portable digital pH meter, OSK 1148) and a graduated celsius thermometer, respectively. Fish were netted, using a fine mesh scoop net and excess water was then removed from fish body by gently blotting on a soft tissue paper. Fish were weighed to the nearest 0.01 g on an electronic balance (Setra, 200S-USA) and their lengths were also recorded. It was done at 7 days interval up to 42 days and compared with initial data. Experimental data collected during the growth trials and those obtained during subsequent analysis of diets, body weight, body length, survivability and fed food were used to determine the following nutritional parameters.

Source of Information: J. Agrofor. Environ. 4 (2): 21-24, 2010; ISSN 1995-6983

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Although sunnhemp seed meal is not so attractive for fish but the growth parameters are not so significantly different from that of control. Considering the economical condition of our country it can be suggested that as a chief non-conventional protein sources, it can be utilized for the partial replacement of costly protein source of the formulated fish feed.

Knowledge Management: Journal