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Influence of Lohakat (xylia Dolabriformis) Tree on the Growth and Yield of Four Winter Crops

A.D. Tanni
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

M.A. Wadud
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

M.O. Sharif
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

M.A. Mondol
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

M.T. Islam
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted at the Agroforestry Farm of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from 15 November 2009 to 13 March 2010 to find out the performance (growth and yield) of tomato, radish, soybean and lettuce under different distance from the Xylia dolabriformis tree and also under pruned and unpruned condition of the tree. Different treatments of the experiment were T₀ (open field), T₁ (3 feet distance from tree), T₂ (6 feet distance from tree) and T₃ (9 feet distance from tree) under pruned and unpruned conditions of the tree Xylia dolabriformis. The experiment was laid out in RCBD for all four crops with 3 replications. The result of the experiment revealed that the yield of the crops increased gradually with the increase of planting distance from the tree and crops under pruned condition of the tree provide better yield performance compared to unpruned condition. In radish, the highest value of yield (20.97 t ha-1) was found under open field which was statistically similar to treatment T₃ under pruned condition. In tomato, it was also found that open field produced highest yield (52.08 t ha^-1). In soybean, the highest grain yield (4.2t ha^-1) was recorded in open field which was also statistically similar to treatment T₃ under pruned condition. In lettuce, it was observed that open field produced highest yield (18.5 t ha^-1). In case of all crops, lowest yield was found in 3 feet distance from the tree under unpruned condition of Xylia dolabriformis. The growth characters such as height, number of leaves and stem girth of Xylia dolabriformis tree are not satisfactory in association with tomato but growth characters of Xylia dolabriformis tree are found higher in association with soybean so we may recommended that growing of soybean at 9 feet distance from Xylia dolabriformis under pruned condition of tree is the best tree-crop combination in Agroforestry system.

Keywords: Xylia dolabriformis, Radish, Tomato, Soybean, Lettuce, Agroforestry, Interactions

Location: Agroforestry Farm of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 15-11-2009

End Date: 13-03-2010

Program Area: Farming System

Commodity: Lohakat, Lettuce, Soybean, Radish, Tomato

Objectives:

1. To determine the yield and yield attributes of tomato, radish, soybean and lettuce grown in association with Xylia dolabriformis sapling for selecting suitable winter crops for sustainable agroforestry practice and to judge the combination effect of tomato, radish, soybean and lettuce with Xylia dolabriformis.

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out at the experimental farm, Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, during the period from 15 November 2009 to 13 March 2010. The place is geographically located at about 24°75" North latitude and 90°50' East longitudes (FAO, 1988). In this study four winter crops, such as: Radish, Tomato, Soybean and Lettuce were grown in association with 2 years old Lohakat (Xylia dolabriformis) saplings. Each crop was laid using the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications as separate experiment. Pruning condition of the tree was also taken into consideration. Individual plot size was 9ft x 2ft. In each experiment crops were grown at different distances from tree base which were treated as treatments. For every experiment treatments were as; T₀ = Open field referred to as control; T₁ = 3 feet distance from the tree base; T₂ = 6feet distance from the tree base and T₃ = 9 feet distance from the tree base. Xylia dolabriformis Saplings was also grown without crops referred to as control. Radish seeds were directly sown in the experimental plot on 15 November 2009. The seeds were sown continuously 30 cm apart lines. After emergence finally radish plants were thinned out maintaining 10 and 15 cm distance from plant to plant. Tomato seedlings (30 days old) were transplanted on 15 November 2009 in the experimental plot maintaining the spacing of 45 cm x 30 cm. Seedling planted in all plots were watered immediately after transplanting. Soybean seeds were sown in the experimental plot on 15 November 2009 by hand dibbling method at a depth of 4-5 cm maintaining the spacing of 15 x 15 cm from plant to plant. Lettuce seeds were broadcasted in the experimental plot on 15 November 2009. After emergence, lettuce plants were thinned out. Necessary cultural operations were done for all crops. Plant samples of radish, soybean, tomato and lettuce were collected randomly from all rows of the respective plots. Ten representative sample plants were selected from each plot for data collection. In case of radish, plant height, number of leaves plant^-1, radish (root) length, diameter of root plant^-1, fresh weight plant^-1 and yield (t ha^-1); in case of tomato, number of fruit plant^-1, weight of fruit plant^-1, fruit diameter and yield (t ha^-1); in case of soybean, the parameter such as plant height, number of pods plant^-1, number of seeds pod^-1, number of seeds plant^-1 and yield (t ha^-1) and in case of lettuce, plant height, number of leaves plant^-1, fresh weight plant^-1 and yield (t ha^-1) were recorded at the final harvesting period. The collected data were analyzed statistically by using PC M-STAT software package to find out the statistical significance of the experimental results. The means for all the treatments and analysis of variance of all the characters were calculated by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT).

Source of Information: J. Agrofor. Environ. 4 (2): 63-67, 2010; ISSN 1995-6983

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The yield components of four winter crops (radish, tomato, soybean and lettuce) and growth characteristics of Xylia dolabriformis tree are highly interacted with each other. From the result we found that among the tree-crop interaction, tree-soybean combination gives highest value and tree-tomato combination gives lowest value of tree height, leaf number and girth of the stem. Tree-lettuce and tree-radish combination give moderate value of those parameters. Again, better yield performance of crops was found under pruned condition of the tree compared to unpruned condition. Therefore, it may be concluded that all the tested crops are suitable in Agroforestry practice, but degree of their suitability may be ranked as Soybean > Lettuce > Radish > Tomato. On the basis of pruning condition of tree and planting distance from the base of tree, 9 ft distance from the crop under pruned condition of tree with soybean is the best among all the tree-crop interaction in this experiment.

Knowledge Management: Journal