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Top-dressing of Potassium on Growth and Yield of Rice Under Water Culture

F I M Golam Wahed Sarker
Scientific Officer
Farm Management Division, BRRI, Gazipur

Mochamad Sri Kuncoro
Chief of Rice Section
Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Potassium deficiency is frequently accompanied by helminthosporium leaf spots, which is a common symptom of Akiochi on sandy soils in Japan and Korea. The partial productive efficiency of potassium for grain is generally high at early stage, then declines, and becomes high again at later stages of rice production. Rice requires large quantities of potassium, so sustained supply is necessary up to heading when the reproductive stage is complete. Therefore, a water culture technique is considered the good method to study the real effect of potassium top dressing at different growth stages of rice. Results revealed that no top dressing of potassium at heading stage or low basal dose of K₂O (26 gm/tab) affected brown rice weight. The highest brown rice weight per hill was found in T₂ (220.21 gm/m²) followed by T₄ (206.30 gm/m²) and lowest in T₁ ((184.93 gm /m²). The yield is considered low as compared to normal production due to high temperature and humidity effects in green house.

Keywords: Porassium, Top dressing, Yield and Water Culture

Location: TIATC, Japan

Start Date: 10-03-1991

End Date: 10-08-1991

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To determine the real effect of potassium top dressing at different growth stages of rice under water culture; and
To determine the suitable levels and time of potassium application for better rice yield under water culture.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted under green house at TIATC, Japan in 1991, using a water culture equipment with four K₂O treatments: T1 = 74 gm at basal and 26 gm at 31 DAT; T2 = 40 gm at basal, 36 gm at 31 DAT and 24 gm at heading stage; T3 = 26 gm at basal, 26 gm at 31 DAT, 24 gm at PI stage and 24 gm at heading stage; and T4 = 50 gm at basal, 26 gm at 31 DAT and 24 gm at heading .The water culture equipment consists of four tabs, each tab measuring 4.0 meter long, 1.00 meter wide and 0.25 meter deep. It is capable of monitoring the electric conductivity (EC), p^H value, water temperature, and regulate the dissolved oxygen concentration in each water culture tab individually. The treatments were arranged simultaneously in the four tabs of water culture equipment with no replication among the treatments. Calm length, tiller number per hill, number of panicles per hill, percentage of filled and unfilled grains, grain weight per hill, root weight per hill, and straw weight per hill were recorded from randomly sampled 10 hills in each tab.Simple descriptive statistics were done for analysis and presentation of data.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Rice J. 3(1&2): 162-163, 1992

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)	Budget:
2.	Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Calm and panicle length in T₁ was the lowest compared to other treatments indicating that split application of K₂O increased the calm and panicle length. Results revealed that number of grains per hill was the highest in T₂ and the lowest in T₃. The trend of matured grains per hill were also similar. No top dressing or lo basal dose of K₂O (26 gm/tab) affected brown rice yield. The highest brown rice yield per hill was found in T₂ (220.21 gm/m²) followed by T₄ (206.30 gm/m²) and lowest in T₁ (184.93 gm/m²).1000 grains weight was almost similar among the treatments. The yield is considered low as compared to normal production due to high temperature and humidity effects in green house.Grain-straw ratio was almost similar among the treatment, although T₂ produced the highest grains and straw weight. All the treatments produced healthy and well developed roots which reflected the vigorous early vegetative growth stage, but it did not reflect in yield. This may happen due to high temperature and humidity effects in green house.

Knowledge Management: Journal