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Effect on Radish Pests by Application of Insecticides in a Nearby Spring Oilseed Rape Field

Nur Ahmed
CSO & Head
Entomology Division, BRRI, Gazipur 1701

Inger Åhman
Professor
Professor, Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, SLU, PO Box 101 SE-230 53 Alnarp, Sweden, Telephone: +46 40 41 52 40 E-mail: inger.ahman@slu.se

Jan-Eric Englund
Senior Lecturer
Dept. of Agrosystems, SLU, PO Box 104 SE-230 53 Alnarp, Sweden, Tel: +46 04041 51 39, 040-41 52 36, Email: jan-eric.englund@slu.se

Eva Johansson
Professor
Professor, Dept. of Agrosystems, SLU, PO Box 104 SE-230 53 Alnarp, Sweden, Tel: +46 40 41 55 62 Cell: +46 761 28 57 37 Fax +46 40 41 55 19, Email: eva.johansson@slu.se

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Chemical control of insect pests is often necessary to ensure high yields of field crops. The aim of the present study was to study whether field pesticide use influences amount of pest damage in neighbouring garden crops. Spring oilseed rape, OSR (Brassica napus L.), was established in Southern Sweden as an example of an agricultural field crop. One half

of the OSR field was treated with insecticides to control flea beetles (Phyllotreta spp.) and pollen beetle (Meligethes aeneus Fab.). Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) was used as an example of a common garden crop and it was sown as four replications at three different distances and on four occasions during the season. Damage to the radish by flea beetle and cabbage root fly (Delia radicum L.) along with unspecified leaf damage was recorded. Significantly lower damage by flea beetles was found on cotyledons of radish adjacent to the insecticide treated side of the OSR field compared to the untreated side in radishes from the first sowing. Unspecified damage to true leaves was also less abundant on radishes at the treated side of the OSR field as compared to the untreated side, in all three of the radish harvests analysed. However, radish plot distance from the OSR field did not influence leaf damage. Root fly damage rates in radish did not differ significantly between those adjacent to the treated and untreated sides of the OSR. Damage rates were, however, higher in the radish plots closest to the OSR field in the first sowing, which coincides with the appearance of the first ovipositing females after over-wintering as pupae elsewhere. Generally, insecticide treatment in the agricultural field appeared to influence overall damage in the neighbouring garden crop, despite the fact that the garden crop was protected against wind drift of the insecticides during applications

Keywords: Brassica napus, cabbage root fly, Delia, flea beetle, garden crop, pesticide, Phyllotreta, Raphanus sativus

Location: Alnarp, Sweden

Start Date: 01-04-2007

End Date: 30-11-2007

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Insects

Objectives:

The aims of the present study were: (i) to investigate whether insecticide treatment in field crops influence the amount of insect damage in nearby garden crops during the entire growth season using OSR and radish as examples; and (ii) to investigate whether the distance from the field to the garden crop plays any role in the amount of insect damage.

Methodology:

Spring oilseed rape (OSR, cv. Heros) was sown on 20 April 2007 in Southern Sweden (Lönnstorp, Lomma, 55.40°N, 13.06°E) as an agricultural field crop. The OSR field (155 X100 m) was divided into two even parts (77.5 X100 m), of which one was insecticide treated (IT) while the other was untreated (UT). Adjacent to the field of OSR, radish (cv. Rubinova) was sown as a neighbouring garden crop. At 3.6 m away from the OSR border, three radish plots in a line (each plot 2 m long and 3.6 m apart in order to make it possible for the harrowing machine to pass) were replicated four times and placed on both the IT and UT sides of the OSR field. Each radish plot (1.44 m width) consisted of four rows, 48 cm apart. The seeding rate was adjusted to give ca. 33 radish plants per metre. At the harvest of the mature radishes, new ones were sown, repeatedly during the season. Four sowings were done at different time and the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th sowing of radish plots were placed (with centre) 10.76, 15.80, 5.72 and 10.76 m, respectively from each corner of the OSR field.

Insecticides were applied in the IT part of the OSR field against flea beetles (Phyllotreta spp.) and pollen beetles (Meligethes spp.). The pyrethroid Decis (deltamethrin @ 0.3 l/ha) was applied for flea beetle control on 4 May. For pollen beetle control, the organophosphate Sumithion (fenitrothion @ 1.0 l/ha) was applied on 25 May and 1 June, and the pyrethroid Mavrik 2F (tau-fluvalinate @ 0.25 l/ha) on 8 and 15 June. Sampling for flea beetle damage Immediately prior to insecticide treatment on 4 May, 100 OSR seedlings (200 cotyledons) were collected, 50 from each of the IT and UT parts of the field (sampled in a diagonal direction) to check for flea beetle damage. From radish plots, 30–50 seedlings (60–100 cotyledons) were collected from each plot by taking every other seedling in the two middle rows. In order to identify species of flea beetle present in the field, flea beetles (52 beetles) were collected once (25 May) by an aspirator (a simple mouth sucking apparatus consisting of a plastic jar and two plastic tubes) from both the OSR field and the radish plots.

The data were analysed by SAS. Data from each sowing time was analysed in an ANOVA using a block design with four replicates and insecticide treatment in the OSR and radish plot distance to the OSR as factors. Comparisons between plot distances from the OSR field were made by using Tukey’s post hoc test after the ANOVA showed significant differences. The flea beetle damage to the OSR before insecticide treatment was analysed by t-test. Pearson Correlation analysis was performed in order to estimate the possible relationship between radish size, leaf root dry weight, root crack, root disease versus unspecified leaf damage and cabbage root fly. In all the tests, the significance level P ≤ 0.05 was used.

Source of Information: J. Appl. Entomol. 135:168–176; 2011

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.	Budget:
2.	Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Generally, insecticide treatment in the agricultural field appeared to influence overall damage in the neighbouring garden crop, despite the fact that the garden crop was protected against wind drift of the insecticides during applications

Knowledge Management: Journal