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Response of Sowing Time on Growth and Biomass Production of Dhaincha (sesbania Canabina) as a Green Manure Crop

F I M Golam Wahed Sarker
Scientific Officer
Farm Management Division, BRRI, Gazipur

Meer Md. Muniruzzaman
Scientific Officer
Farm Management Division, BRRI, Gazipur

J U Chowdhury
Senior Scientific Officer
Farm Management Division, BRRI, Gazipur

Tara Chand
Principal Scientific Officer
Farm Management Division, BRRI, Gazipur

Monotosh Howlder
Senior Scientific Officer
Agricultural Statistics Division, BRRI, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Green manure (GM) crop like Dhaincha is commonly used as organic fertilizer to add organic matter to the soil. However, its growth, N-fixing capacity and nutrient content depend on soil and climatic conditions. The climatic conditions during different seasopns, e.g. Rabi (November to February), Kharif I (March to June) and Kharif-II (July to October) have pronounced effects on the growth and development of Dhaincha. Optimum time of sowing and harvesting should be considered for obtaining highest possible biomass yield from Dhaincha. Therefore, an experiment was conducted at BRRI farm, Gazipur, to find out the response of sowing time on the growth and green biomass yield of Dhaincha. Seeding on first June was found best for higher biomass production (9.60 t/ha) when harvested at 60 DAS. For green manuring. Dhaincha may be seeded during March to June, and produced biomass from 5.5 t/ha to 9.6 t/ha.Green biomass production increased with the increase in growth duration. However, Dhaincha may be incorporated into soil at 45 DAS from mid March to 1st week of June sowing. Among three agricultural seasons, Kharif-I is the best possible seeding time for Dhaincha production. During the turnaround time in between irrigated (Boro) and rainfed lowland (T. Aman), dhaincha may be grown as green manure crop to improve soil fertility.

Keywords: Dhaincha, Green Manure, Sowing Time and Biomass Production

Location: BRRI Farm, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-1983

End Date: 00-00-1985

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Manures

Objectives:

To determine the response of seeding time of Dhaincha for higher biomass production.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at BRRI Farm, Gazipur on a medium high land under rainfed condition. The seed rate of Dhaincha was 45 kg/ha. The seeds were sown at beginning and middle of each month in different plots of 50 sq.m. area with no replication. The sowing was started from 1st November, 1983 and was continued up to 16 October, 1985, covering two years. The green weight, plant height and plant population data were recorded at every 45 and 60 days after sowing (DAS) from each plot. Three spots of 1 sq.m. were randomly selected for collection of data. Ten plants at random from each plot were taken to measure the plant height. For green weight, all the plants were uprooted, washed and then weighted. For calculating the plant population, all the plants from 1 sq.m. area were counted and then converted to plants/ha. Regression models were used to find out the response of sowing time on plant height, plant population and biomass production in each year.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Rice J.4 (1&2):116-122, 1993

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget: 25,000

Total Budget (Tk.) : 25,000

Achievement/Findings:

Year-wise regression analysis was done to find out the relationship of sowing time on plant height, population and biomass production of Dhaincha.The quadratic relation was found best in all the cases in respect of R² values.From the estimated relationship, it could be expected that plant height and biomass production would increases when sowing during Ist week of November to Ist week of of June, and beyond this duration plant height and biomass production starts decreasing. From the estimated relation, it is found that the effect of date of sowing was more on biomass production at 60 DAS than that of 45 DAS. The biomass production of Dhaincha greatly reduced when sown before mid March and after 1st week of June. On average 8.6 t/ha green matter was obtained from 60 days old Dhaincha when sown during Kharif season. Maximum biomass (9.4 t/ha) was obtained from 1st June sowing at 60 DAS. It also revealed that sufficient amount of biomass (4.0 t/ha) was produced even at 45 DAS in Kharif-I sowing. The growth of Dhaincha during Rabi and Kharif-II seasons was affected either by soil moisture deficiency or water logging condition.May and June is the best sowing time for Dhaincha as green manure crop. However, it may be sown during Kharif-I (March - June) season for same purpose. After Boro harvest and before Aman transplanting , Dhaincha may be grown to improve soil fertility and sustain crop production.

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