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Identification of Resistance Sources of Rice Against Populations of Rice Gall Midge, Orseolia Oryzae (woodmason) (dipetra: Cecidomyiidae)

Nur Ahmed
CSO & Head
Entomology Division BRRI, Gazipur 1701

Zahirul Islam
PSO (Ex.)
Entomology Division BRRI, Gazipur 1701

M. A. KADER
SSO
Plant Breeding Division BRRI, Gazipur 1701

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A total of 74 rice entries of IRGMN with six resistant and five susceptible checks were screened by non-replicated field tests in rice gall midge, Orseolia oryzae (Wood-Mason) prone area in Bangladesh during 2000. Four out of six plots with susceptible checks were recorded as susceptible (S) and two as moderately resistant (MR) indicating fairly uniform population pressure of gall midges (GM) in the experimental field. Among the 74 test entries 35 were recorded as resistant (R) without any GM damage, 15 as MR and 24 as S. The origin of most of the R-materials was India. However, one Bangladesh variety BRRI dhan 32 showed R reaction. Reactions of differential materials indicated that Bangladesh GM populations at Natore area are probably biotype 1. Short plants with wide leaf appeared to be preferred to tall plants and narrow leaf by the GM. The influence of plant height seemed stronger

Keywords: Rice gall midge, Orseolia oryzae, Biotype, Resistance, Non-preference, Compensation

Location: Natore

Start Date: 01-07-2000

End Date: 31-12-2000

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

An attempt was made to identify resistance sources against Bangladesh GM populations by the utilization of natural populations in the GM prone areas.

Methodology:

In order to identify resistance sources against populations of GM, Bangladesh Rice Research institute (BRRI) participated in the International Rice Gall Midge Nursery (IRGMN) in 2000. A total of 74 test entries were screened along with five differential R-entries, one R- check (in two plots), two S-checks (one in two plots) and three local S-checks. In the absence of the facility for screening in controlled conditions under uniform GM population pressure, the screening was conducted at a farmer's field in a GM prone area in the northern part (Natore district) of the country. The screening was undertaken during the season of high incidence, t.aman. A traditional aromatic variety KALIJIRA was used as the R-check (BRRI 1979). The modern varieties BRll, BRRI dhan39, IR8, TNI (Heinrichs et al 1985) and SWARNA (Indian variety) were used as S-checks. The crop was established on 19 July by transplanting 25-day old seedlings at the rate of one seedling per hill at 20 x 20 cm hill spacing. The unit plot size was 120 x 240 cm (6 rows with 12 hills per row =72 hills per entry). The test was set as a non-replicated trial without any gap between the plots. Standard crop management practices (nutrient, irrigation water and pest management) were adopted for all the entries as recommended by BRRI (2000). Pesticide was not applied. Weeds were controlled manually. At 50-days after transplanting (DAT) all the rice hills were examined and GM infested hills and onion shoots were counted. Entries that suffered no damage were considered as R, while hill infestation up to 10% was considered as MR and above 10% as S. The plant stature at maturity was recorded as dwarf, semi-dwarf or tall. The type of leaf was also recorded as broad leaf, medium broad leaf or narrow leaf. These qualitative data were then converted to quantitative data as tall = 1, semi-dwarf =2, and dwarf =3; and narrow leaf =1, medium broad leaf =2, and broad leaf = 3. Correlation coefficient analysis was performed to evaluate relations, if any, between plant morphological characteristics and resistance or susceptibility.

Source of Information: Bangladesh j. entomol. (2003) 13 (1), 33-42

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Rice plants produced about 19% more tillers in response to the GM damage; however, responses of several varieties were much stronger, producing 50-97% additional tillers. It is important to evaluate what influence these compensatory tillers have on the grain yield. Reactions of differential materials indicated that Bangladesh GM populations at Natore area are probably biotype 1.

Knowledge Management: Journal