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Predation by Channa Striatus (bloch) on Rana Tigrina (daudin), Puntius Gonionotus (bleekeer) and Labeo Rohita (hamilton) in the Laboratory

M. Das
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

M.S. Islam
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh

M.A. Hossain
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

M.H. Alamgir
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

N. Sultana
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The growth performance of a predatory snakehead, Channa striatus was tested by supplying tadpoles of Rana tigrina and fingerlings of Puntius gonionotus and Labeo rohita as prey for a period of 21 days in aquaria. Prey consumption by C. striatus was significantly different (P

Keywords: Predation, Channa striatus, Rana tigrina, Puntius gonionotus, Labeo rohita

Location: BAU

Start Date: 00-00-1994

End Date: 00-00-1994

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Carp fish

Objectives:

To ascertain the preference of prey species by C. striatus by supplying different body shaped prey eg. spindle shaped, R. tigrina, laterally flattened, P. gonionotus, streamlined, L. rohita.

Methodology:

Experimental species and acclimatization - The disease free predator fish shol, Chana striatus were collected from a fish retailer which were caught by using a cast net from a beel near Kawatkhali. The prey species, the fingerlings of rui, Thai sharpunti and tadpoles of tiger frog were collected weekly form the Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh, caught with the help of seine net (Ber jal). Acclimatization of predator - The collected predators were placed immediately into three acclimatization aquarium (60 em x 35 em x 30 cm) in the laboratory. The aerators (Davia 8400) were fitted to supply air in the tank. Predators were treated with salt dip (1 %) and malachite green (1 ppm) as a prophylactic treatment. The predators were kept into the aquaria for 15 days, first day without any feed, prey (about 1% of body weight of predator) offered into each of the aquarium on the second day and then increased the number of prey up to the satiation of predators on the following days. Acclimatization of prey - On the other hand, immediately after collection, three prey species (R. tigrina, P. gonionotus and L rohita) were transferred into the laboratory and placed into aquaria respectively. Then the fishes had a dip bath into a dilute salt solution (1 %) as a prophylactic treatment. Water in those aquaria was aerated by using aerator (Davia 8400) continuously to maintain dissolved oxygen level at high. Species were kept into the tank without supplying any food for first two day. After that supplementary diet containing fish meat rice bran and wheat flour (40%+10%+50%) was supplied into the aquaria at the rate of maintenance ration (1% body weight). Experimental design- For the present study, nine aquaria were selected. Nine predators (C. striatus) from the acclimation aquaria were transferred into nine aquaria. The predators were then classified into three random groups. The members of three groups were numbered as P2 and P3 for treatment-1 (feeding with tadpoles), P4, P5 and P6 for treatment-2 (feeding with Thai sharpunti) and P7, P8 and P9 for treatment-3 (feeding with L. rohita). Predator P1 (21.4 em, 66.79 g), P2 (24.3 em, 90.3 g) and P3 (26.5 em, 135.0 g) preyed on tadpole, P4 (24.6 em, 96.7 g), P5 (28.8 em, 158.7 g), and P6 (29.2 em, 151.6 g) preyed on P. gonionotus and P7 (23.7 em 114.0 g) P8 (22.0 em, 72.0 g) and P9 (23.7 em, 114.0 g) preyed on L. rohita. During 21 days experiment, the tap water was aerated continuously to maintain dissolved oxygen concentration at saturation. The temperature of the water was always in between 28° and 30°C. Predatory behaviour was observed every 6 hours regularly during the study period. The date, time and method of prey-capture were observed and recorded. Twenty rui (3.2-4.3 em; 0.2 -1.0 gm) twenty Thai shorputi (2.8-4.7 em; 0.2-1.3 gm) fingerling, and twenty tadpoles of R. tigrina (2.5-5.5 em; 0.5-1.1 gm) were offered to each predator for 24 hours time during first week and then it was increased to 30 during the 3rd week of the experiment. The prey were released into aquarium at 8:00 hr for every day and at the same time on the following day remaining prey (if any) were caught by hand scoop net. Then fresh preys were offered to each predator. Data collection and analysis - Total length (cm), body weight (g) as well as jaw length (cm) and mouth gap (cm) were measured and recorded at the start of the experiment. Similarly, the average length (cm) and weight (g) of prey were recorded. Prey capture techniques of predator were observed and handling time was recorded. At the end of the experiment increment in total length (cm) and body weight (g) as well as jaw length (cm) and mouth gape (cm) were measured and recorded. Data on prey eaten by predators were recorded qualitatively and quantitatively. The data on the amount of prey consumed by predator was analysed (ANOVA). Proximate analysis of prey were done according to AOAC and the FCR (Food Conversion Ratio) was calculated.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Fish. Res., 3(2): 123-129, 1999

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Prey consumption by C. striatus was significantly different (T₁ - R. tigrina, T₂ - P. gonionotus, T₃ - L. rohita). Tadpoles of R. tigrina was prefered by the predator (C. striatus) over P. gonionotus and L. rohita although tadpole is nutritionally inferior to each of P. gonionotus and L. rohita. Each predator preyed on 50-330 mg per day per g of their body weight. Fish preyed on tadpoles also showed the highest growth. Significant difference in weight gain was found between T₁ and T₂ and also between T₁ and T₃ but no difference was found between T₂ and T₃ Food conversion ratio (FCR) was found to be lowest in treatment T₃ followed by the treatments T₂ and T₁ respectively.

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