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Effect of Spacing and Depth of Planting on Growth and Yield of Onion

M. Sikder
Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

F. Mondal
Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

D. Mohammed
Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

M.S. Alam
Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

M.B.Amin
Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted at the during the period from October 2001 to January 2002 to study the effects of spacing, and depth of planting on the growth and yield of two varieties of onion. There were three levels of plant spacing (viz., 20cm × 20cm, 20cm × 15cm and 20cm × 10cm) and two levels of depth of planting (viz., 2cm and 4cm). The experiment was laid out in RCBD with 3 replications. The plant spacing showed significant effects on most of the growth and yield characteristics. Wider spacing produced the maximum number of leaves per plant, longest plant height, maximum diameter and fresh weight of bulb while the closer spacing produced maximum yield of bulb (12.08 t/ha). Bulb yield was significantly higher at lesser depth of planting. The combined effect of spacing and depth of planting was found to be significant on most of the growth and yield parameters. The combination of 20cm × 10cm spacing with 2cm depth of planting gave significant higher yield (12.82 t/ha) compared with other treatment combinations.

Keywords: Depth, Onion, Spacing and yield

Location: Horticulture farm of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-10-2001

End Date: 00-01-2002

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Onion

Objectives:

1. To determine the optimum plant spacing for maximizing the yield of onion by bulb to bulb method and to identify the depth of planting of bulbs for higher yield.

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out at the Horticulture Farm of the Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from October 2001 to January 2002 to study the effect of spacing and depth of planting on the growth and yield of two varieties of onion grown from sets.Onion bulbs (set) were used as planting material. Two onion varieties, namely Taherpuri and BARI Piaz-1 were used in the experiment. The experiment consisted of two factors, which were as: Factor A: It consisted of 3 spacings as: (i) 20cm × 20cm (S₁), (ii) 20cm× 15cm (S₂) and (iii) 20cm× 10cm (S₃); Factor B: It consisted of 2 depth of planting: (i) 2cm (D₁) and (ii) 4cm (D₂). The experiment consisting of 6 treatment combinations was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The whole field was divided into three blocks each containing 6 plots. In total, there were 18 unit plots. The treatment combinations were randomly assigned to each unit plot so as to allot one treatment combination only once in each block. The size of unit was (1 m × 1.2 m). The distance between the blocks was 1m and that between plots were 50 cm. Selected uniform bulbs were planted in the experimental plots on October 25, 2001 following the treatment specifications. After planting the bulbs, various kinds of intercultural operations were accomplished for better growth and development of the plants. Weeding and mulching were accomplished as and whenever necessary to keep the crop free from weeds, for better soil aeration and to break the crust. It also helped in soil moisture conservation. Data on the following parameters were recorded on Percentage of seedling emergence, Plant height, Leaves number per plant, Pseudostem diameter, Fresh weight of leaves, Dry matter content of leaves, Root number per plant, Types of bulb, Bulb diameter, Fresh weight of bulb, Dry matter content of bulb, Yield of onion the sample plants during the course of experiment significance of the difference among the means was evaluated by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT).

Source of Information: J. Agrofor. Environ. 4 (2): 105-108, 2010; ISSN 1995-6983

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The combined effect of spacing and depth of planting was significant on all the mentioned parameters.. Maximum percentage of seedling emergence (98.42%), the tallest plant (49.59cm), pseudo stem diameter (1.48 cm), fresh weight of leaves (14.7 g), dry matter of leaves (12.63%), number of roots (43.45) per plant, splitting percentage (60.00%), bulb diameter (4.58 cm), Dry matter content of bulb ranged between 8.53 to 12.62 % were recorded from the treatment combination of 20 cm x 20 cm spacing with 2 cm depth planting. The maximum yield of 1.54 kg/plot and yield (12.82 t/ha) were found from the treatment combination of 20 cm × 10 cm spacing with 2 cm depth of planting and the minimum yield per plot and yield per hectare were recorded from the treatment combination of 20 cm × 20 cm spacing with 4 cm depth of planting Since the closest spacing (20 cm × 10 cm) significantly produced higher bulb yield, it may be used for bulb production although the bulbs were smaller in type. The higher yield was observed at 2 cm depth of planting.

Knowledge Management: Journal