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Effect of Shade of Different Trees on Growth and Yield of Aman Rice

M.O. Sharif
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

M.A. Wadud
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

M.A. Mondol
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

A.D. Tanni
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

G.M.M. Rahman
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted at the Agroforestry Farm, Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during July 2010 to November 2010 to find out the effect of shading times(i.e. morning shade, noon shade, afternoon shade and shade free) of different trees (Akashmoni, Eucalyptus and Jhau) on growth and yield of transplanted aman rice (cv. BRRI dhan 30). Highest plant height of rice (126.667 cm) and lowest 1000- grain weight (21.247 g) and grain yield of rice (2.967 t ha^-1) was observed in the noon shade area of Akashmoni. Highest 1000-grain weight (35.363 g) and grain yield (6.197 t ha^-1) of rice was found in shade free area of Jhau which was statistically similar to grain yield (5.232 t ha-1) in the afternoon shade area of Jhau. Biological yield of rice was found lowest (6.877 t ha^-1) in the noon shade area of Akashmoni; where highest (13-397 tha^-1) was observed on the shade free area of Jhau. Lowest grain yield reduction and maximum grain yield was found in the shade free area of Jhau which was statistically similar to grain yield in the afternoon shade area of Jhau. So, in consideration of shade casted by different trees, Jhau-Aman rice based system is found more suitable than Akashmoni and Eucalyptus tree rice based agroforestry system.

Keywords: Yield, Aman rice, Shade

Location: Agroforestry Farm, Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-07-2010

End Date: 00-11-2010

Program Area: Farming System

Commodity: Jhao, Eucalyptas, Akash moni, Rice

Objectives:

1. To find out the effect of shading times(i.e. morning shade, noon shade, afternoon shade and shade free) of different trees (Akashmoni, Eucalyptus and Jhau) on growth and yield of transplanted aman rice (cv. BRRI dhan30).

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out at the experimental farm, Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from 1 July, 2010 to 30 November, 2010. The place is geographically located at about 24°75" North latitude and 90°50' East longitudes. The topography of the field was medium high land above flood level belonging to the Old Brahamaputra Floodplain, Agro Ecological Zone-9. It is characterized by non calcareous dark grey flood plain soil having pH value from 6.5 to 6.8 and the soil texture is silty loam. The experiment was designed to study the shading effect of different tree species on the rice yield in Aman season. Two factor RCBD design was followed with three replications. Two factors i.e. different shading times (i.e. morning shade, noon shade, afternoon shade and shade free) and different tree species (Akashmoni, Eucalyptus and Jhau) were included in the study. The unit plot size was 1.5mx1.5 m (2.25m²). Before transplanting, the land was well pulverized by spading and fertilized by using fertilizer rate 180 kg/ha Urea, 100 kg/ha TSP, 70 kg/ha MP and 5-7 ton cow dung, respectively. Urea fertilizer was used 3 times in equal portion 1st application during final land preparation, 2nd application 15 DAT and finally 45 DAT in top dressing method followed by irrigation. Seeds of rice were sown in the wet nursery bed on 1 July 2010 and transplanted in main plots on 10 August 2010. After transplanting necessary intercultural operations (weeding, irrigation and pesticide applications) were done accordingly. At each sampling, ten selected hills from each treatment i.e. ten hills from each shading condition and ten hills from shade free area under each trees were up-rooted from each unit plot for recording different data. Plant height, number of tillers hill-1 and number of leaves hill-1 were counted at vegetative stage and the data on plant height, number of effective tillers hill^-1, number of non-effective tillers hill^-1, number of panicle hill^-1, panicle length, filled grain panicle^-1, unfilled grain panicle^-1, panicle weight (g), straw weight (g), 1000 grains weight (g), grain yield, straw yield (t ha^-1), biological yield (t ha^-1) and harvest index were recorded at final harvest. The data were analyzed statistically and means were adjudged by Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT).

Source of Information: J. Agrofor. Environ. 4 (2): 167-172, 2010; ISSN 1995-6983

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The rice grain yield reduction was the highest in morning shade of Eucalyptus (50.11% of the shade free condition) and lowest reduction in afternoon shade area of Jhau (15.57% of the shade free condition). Comparatively higher sunshine intensity existed in the afternoon shade area of Jhau than Akashmoni and Eucalyptus due to higher amount of penetrating light. Therefore, no significant difference in sunshine intensity between afternoon shade and shade free condition of Jhau trees was observed. This leads the almost similar yield and yield components of rice in afternoon shade and shade free area under Jhau tree. So, Jhau-Aman rice is found suitable than the other Akashmoni and Eucalyptus tree rice based agroforestry system. From the above findings it may be concluded that Akashmoni-Aman rice based agroforestry system is not suitable considering growth and yield contributing characters of Aman rice.

Knowledge Management: Journal