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Effect of N Level on Growth and Yield of T. Aman Rice

Md. Abubakar Siddique
Scientific Officer
Genetic Resources and Seed Division (GRSD), BRRI, Gazipur

Nazrul Islam
Professor
Agronomy Department, BAU, Mymensingh

Mohammad Zahidul Islam
Scientific Officer
Genetic Resources and Seed Division (GRSD), BRRI, Gazipur

SMM Islam
Scientific Officer
Soil Science Division, BRRI, Gazipur

Jahid Hussain
ARDO
HarvestPlus-Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was carried out at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, during July to December 2007 to observe the effect of nitrogen level on the yield performance of transplant aman rice cv. Surjomoni. Four spacing., 25 × 10, 25 × 15, 25 × 20 and 30 × 20 cm were compared at five nitrogen levels ., 0, 45, 90, 135 and 180 kg N ha^-1 in randomized complete block design. Nitrogen level significantly influenced yield contributing characters and yield except 1000-grain weight. The highest number of panicle hill^-1 (6.53), panicle length (28.65 cm), grains panicle^-1 (128.25), grain yield (5.77 t ha^-1), straw yield (8.80 t ha^-1) and harvest index (39.60%) were obtained with 90 kg N ha^-1. The maximum plant height (124.66 cm), tillers hill^-1 (8.88) and sterile spikelets panicle^-1 (39.83) were obtained with 180 kg N ha^-1. Rice yield responded quadratically to N application. The calculated maximum N dose was 78 kg ha^-1and optimum 73 kg ha^-1. The response of rice to applied N (agronomic efficiency) varied from 24.67 kg grain/kg N at 45 kg N ha^-1 to 4.5 kg kg^-1 at the highest N rate (180 kg N ha^-1).

Keywords: N level, Growth, Yield, Surjomoni, Transplant aman.

Location: Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 01-07-2007

End Date: 30-12-2007

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Fertilizer

Objectives:

To observe the effect of nitrogen level on the yield performance of transplant aman rice cv. Surjomoni.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during aman season, 2007. The treatments were four plant spacing namely, 25 × 10 cm (S₁), 25 × 15 cm (S₂), 25 × 20 cm (S₃) and 30 × 20 cm (S₄) and five nitrogen levels, 0 (N₀), 45 (N₁), 90 (N₂), 135 (N₃) and 180 kg N ha^-1 (N₄). The 5 ×4 factorial experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block (RCB) design, each treatment had three replications. The unit plot size was 5 m² (2.5 m × 2.0 m) and the space between the blocks and unit plots were 1.0 m and 0.75 m, respectively. At the time of final land preparation 80 kg triple supper phosphate (TSP), 120 kg muriate of potash (MP), 55 kg gypsum and 10 kg zinc sulphate per ha were applied . Nitrogen from urea was top dressed in three equal splits at 15, 30 and 45 days after transplanting (DAT) as per specification of the treatments. Thirty- day- old seedlings were transplanted at the rate of 2-3 seedlings hill^-1on the well puddle plots on 6^th August 2007 maintaining four different spacing as per experimental specification. Appropriate plant protection measures and cultural management practices were followed throughout the growing period. Five hills in each plot excluding border rows were randomly selected and tagged prior to harvesting for collection of data on plant characters and yield components. The net plots area was harvested and sun-dried for 5 days in the field and the total biomass yield was recorded. After threshing, cleaning and drying the grain and straw yields were recorded and the yield attributes were recorded from plant samples. Straw yield was obtained by subtracting grain yield from total biomass yield. The grain yield was adjusted to 14% moisture content. The maximum (N_max) and the economic optimum (N_opt) amount of N required to produce rice grain was calculated in the following way (Gomez and Gomez, 1984):

N_max= -b/2c [1]

N_opt =1/2c (P_f/P_y-b) [2] where, P_fand P_y are prices of applied N kg^-1 and rice grain t^-1($0.38 and 200, respectively) and b and c are the estimates of the regression co-efficient in y=a+bN+cN², the form of the observed relationship between grain yield and applied N. Agronomic use efficiency (AUE) was estimated as AUE= (Yn- Yo)/N; Where,Yn=Yield in N applied plot (kg ha^-1), Yo= Yield in without N applied plot (kg ha^-1) and N= Applied N (kg ha^-1). Data for different parameters were compiled and tabulated in appropriate form for statistical analysis. Data were analyzed using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) technique and the mean differences among the treatments were adjudged with Duncan’s Multiple Range test using a computer package program MSTAT-C.

Source of Information: International Journal of Sustainable crop production (Online journal), Volume:9, Issue:2, Pages: 33-37, Year: August, 2014

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Nitrogen level significantly influenced yield contributing characters and yield except 1000-grain weight. The highest number of panicle hill^-1 (6.53), panicle length (28.65 cm), grains panicle^-1 (128.25), grain yield (5.77 t ha^-1), straw yield (8.80 t ha^-1) and harvest index (39.60%) were obtained with 90 kg N ha^-1. The maximum plant height (124.66 cm), tillers hill^-1 (8.88) and sterile spikelets panicle^-1 (39.83) were obtained with 180 kg N ha^-1. Rice yield responded quadratically to N application. The calculated maximum N dose was 78 kg ha^-1and optimum 73 kg ha^-1. The response of rice to applied N (agronomic efficiency) varied from 24.67 kg grain/kg N at 45 kg N ha^-1 to 4.5 kg kg^-1 at the highest N rate (180 kg N ha^-1).

Knowledge Management: Journal