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Prevalence of Canine Parvo Virus and Canine Influenza Virus Infection in Dogs in Dhaka, Mymensingh, Feni and Chittagong Districts of Bangladesh

Soumitra Sen
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

Md. Siddiqur Rahman
Department of Medicine, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

Minakshi Nag
Department of Microbiology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh.

Mohummad Muklesur Rahman
Veterinary Surgeon
District Veterinary Hospital, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

Roma Rani Sarker
Department of Medicine, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

S. M. Lutful Kabir
Professor
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Canine parvovirus (CPV) and canine influenza virus (CIV) are highly contagious virus infecting members of the canine family including dogs, coyotes, foxes and wolves. The research work was carried out to determine the prevalence of CPV and CIV in dogs (stray and pet dogs) in Dhaka, Mymensingh, Feni and Chittagong Districts by using Rapigen CPV and CIV Ag test kit. Fecal samples were collected from 50 dogs of different age and sex from different spots of Dhaka and Chittagong District. Nasal fluid samples were collected from 50 dogs of different age and sex from different spots. The samples were tested with Rapigen canine parvovirus Ag test kit and Rapigen canine influenza Ag test kit. Overall prevalence of CPV in pet dogs was 22% and in stray dogs was 30%. The prevalence of canine parvovirus in relation to age was gradually decreasing with higher age group and the prevalence was 28% in 1-6 months age, 16.66% in 7-12 months age group 11.11%o ver 18 months age group. The prevalence of canine parvovirus was significantly higher in male (24.13%) than that in female (19.04%). All samples showed negative test result for canine influenza virus. Prevalence of canine influenza virus infection were 00.00% in all age groups and sex. Overall prevalence of CIV in all pet and stray dogs were 00.00%.

Keywords: FMD; Northern plateau; Seroprevalence; Prevalence odd ratio

Location: S.A Quaderi Teaching Veterinary Hospital of Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Science University, Feni Girls Cadet College campus, Central Veterinary Hospital, Dhaka and Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) Campus.

Start Date: 00-01-2014

End Date: 00-06-2014

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Fox, Virus

Objectives:

To determine the prevalence and risk factor of canine parvovirus and canine Influenza virus (CIV) virus infection in stray and pet dogs of Dhaka, Myensingh, Feni and Chittagong districts.

Methodology:

The sample collection of both Canine Parvovirus (CPV) and Canine Influenza Virus (CIV) was conducted at the S.A Quaderi Teaching Veterinary Hospital of Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Science University, Feni Girls Cadet College campus, Central Veterinary Hospital, Dhaka and Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) Campus during the period from January to June, 2014. The research work was conducted in the laboratory of the Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. A total of 50 rectal swab samples for CPV and nasal swab samples for CIV were collected randomly from stray and pet dogs. Rectal swab were collected before the dogs were euthanatized by the municipal authority and by taking permission of the owner. The stray dogs and the pet dogs studied were in different ages and mixed sexes and with no history of vaccination against canine parvovirus infection and canine influenza virus infection. The clinical signs specially the presence of diarrhea, coughing (10 – 21 days), purulent nasal discharge and other signs (if any) as well as age, sex were recorded carefully. For all the assays, equal amount of fecal samples were collected from 50 dogs from different spot of Dhaka and Chittagong Division. The majority of the rectal swab were collected from the age group of 1-6 months (25 out of 50), from 7-12 moths (12 dogs out of 50), from 13 to from over 18 months (13 dogs out of 50) and male (29 out of 50 dogs ), female dogs (21 out of 50) and the majority of the nasal fluid swab were collected from the age group of 1-6 months (22 out of 50), from 7-12 moths (13 dogs out of 50), from 13-18 months (11 dogs out of 50), from over 18 months (4 dogs out of 50) and male (27 out of 50 dogs) female dogs (23 out of 50) with no previous treatment and vaccination record. A total of 50 dogs of different age, sex and location were evaluated and majority of fecal samples were collected from puppies under 6 months of age ( 25 out of 50), from stray dog (10 out of 50), from pet dog (40 out of 50) and a total of 50 dogs of different age, sex and location were evaluated and majority of the fecal samples were collected from puppies under 6 months of age ( 22 out of 50), from stray dog (10 out of 50), from pet dog (40 out of 50). Results of the test were interpreted within 10 minutes by visual observation of single band for negative control, double band (one control and other treatment) for positive test. A color band will appear in the left section of the result window to show that the test is working properly which is known as the control band (C). The right section of the result window indicates the test results. If another color band appears in the right section of the result window, this band is the test band (T). The presence of only one band within the result window indicates a negative result. The presence of two color bands (T and C) within the result window, no matter which band appears first, indicates a positive result. If the purple color band is not visible within the result window after performing the test, the result is considered invalid.

Source of Information: Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. 2016, 2 (1), 138-142; ISSN 2411-4472 (Print) 2412-5571 (Online)

Article Link (Online Journal): doi: 10.3329/ajmbr.v2i1.27579

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

As the RapIGEN4 Canine Parvo Virus Ag Test Kit and the RapIGEN4 Canine influenza Virus Ag Test Kit are very simple, quick and it does not require any special equipment’s, the test kit may be recommended to be adopted in animal clinics for diagnosis of canine parvovirus infection in Bangladesh. This is the first time report about the prevalence of canine parvovirus and canine influenza virus infection in street and pet dogs of Dhaka and Chittagong Division in Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Journal