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Identification of Types of Buffaloes Available in Kanihari Buffalo Pocket of Mymensingh District

Md. Mahmodul Hasan Sohel
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Erciyes University, Kayseri-38039, Turkey

Md. Ruhul Amin
Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Animal Husbandry,Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The buffaloes are reared by many races under diverse agro-climatic conditions of Bangladesh. The buffaloes of Bangladesh are mostly indigenous in origin. Both the swamp and river type buffaloes are found in Bangladesh and they can be found throughout the country. However, their concentration is higher in coastal part, Meghna-Ganga and Jamuna-Brahamaputra flood plain, subsequently forming buffalo pockets. This study was conducted to identify the types of buffaloes and the sources of breeding buffaloes in one of those buffalo pockets called Kanihari buffalo pocket situated in Mymenshing district. Direct interviewing method was used to collect the data from the owner of the buffaloes. According to the body shape, coat color and horn pattern, buffaloes of this region were categorized into different categories. Abundant natural green grasses in the river bank of old Brahammaputra gave this area as a shape of a buffalo pocket. This pocket does not have any distinct breed and the buffalo population is mostly mixed and exotic. Introduction of swamp germplasm occurred when buffalo cows are temporarily migrated to Bathan area of Sylhet. Morphometric characteristics (coat color, horn pattern and body appearance) of Type-1, Type-2 and Type-3 buffaloes are similar to Murrah group (Murrah and Nili- Ravi), Surti group and indigenous river type buffaloes, respectively. This is the first study which identifies and morphologically characterizes the buffalo population in Kanihari buffalo pocket; however, in depth genotypic study is required in order to identify the origin or breeds available in this area.

Keywords: Buffalo, Morphometric Characterization, Kanihari, Buffalo-pocket

Location: Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-

Start Date: 00-00-2014

End Date: 00-00-2014

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Buffalo

Objectives:

1. To identify the routes of breeder buffaloes/seeds in the pocket and 2. To determine the breeds or types of buffaloes available in this area by morphometric characterization.

Methodology:

The current experiment was conducted to identify the types of buffaloes on the basis of their phenotypic appearance. Data was collected within a period of 12 months starting from May 2007 to April 2008. In order to collect data a door to door survey was carried out. To know the origin of a particular buffalo, information was collected from its owner using a standard questionnaire. Location of the study area - Kanihari union at Trishal upazila was selected for the present study. The influencing factors in choosing Kanihari union as study area were - localized concentration of buffaloes gave a form of buffalo pocket in this area, no substantial study was conducted previously in this area and it was well communicated which might be helpful for the researcher in collecting the data required for the research. First the study area was segmented into three parts namely Area 1, Area 2 and Area 3 in order to ease collection of data. Area 1 consists of village Jilki, Gobindapur, Balidia and Betra whereas Area 2 consists of village Kuista, Baghadaria and Garpara. On the other hand Area 3 consists of village Thapanhala, Dewpara and Sultanpur. Number of animals - Animals were randomly selected from the whole study area. Data from 120 animals, of which 45 from Area 1, 40 from Area 2 and 35 from Area 3 were collected using a suitable questionnaire. The survey schedule - The questionnaire was prepared in accordance with the objectives of our study. It was designed in a simple manner to obtain accurate and as much as information possible from the farmers. The questionnaire comprised of following major itemsa) General information about the selected livestock owner i.e. occupation, income, income from livestock and family size etc. b) Purchase and breeding history of the buffalo c) Live weight d) Phenotypic and morphologic assessments i.e. coat color, horn pattern etc. Data collection, record keeping and statistical analysis - Door to door interviewing method was used to collect the data from specific buffalo owners. Information given by the owner was recorded in a record book and kept for further analysis. After collection, data were processed, tabulated and analyzed using Statistical Program for Social Science (SPSS, Version 16.0) computer program.

Source of Information: Res. Agric. Livest. Fish. Vol. 2, No. 1, April 2015: 109-115; ISSN : P-2409-0603, E-2409-9325

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The study suggests that the buffaloes in this region are an integrated part of livestock agriculture which has a strong impact on socio-economic condition of owners. Moreover, it can be concluded from the observed results and discussion that the morphometric characteristics of Type-1, Type-2 and Type-3 buffaloes are similar to Murrah group (Murrah and Nili-Ravi), Surti group and indigenous river type buffaloes, respectively. We also found few buffaloes with the characteristics of indigenous swamp buffalo in this region, however their frequency is very low (total of 5 in the study area) and they are mainly used for drought purpose. In addition to this study, we strongly suggest in depth studies in genetic level in order to identify the genetic origin of these buffaloes in study region.

Knowledge Management: Journal