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Assessing Genetic Diversity of Maize (zea Mays L.) Genotypes for Agronomic Traits

Shanjida Rahman
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh- 2202, Bangladesh

Md. Mukul Mia
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh- 2202, Bangladesh

Tamanna Quddus
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh- 2202, Bangladesh

Lutful Hassan
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh- 2202, Bangladesh

Md. Ashraful Haque
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh- 2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Maize is one of the most important cereals globally and a promising cereal supplement in Bangladesh. The current study was undertaken to assess genetic diversity among nine maize genotypes. Data were recorded on seven morphological traits viz. plant height (cm), ear height (cm), ear length (cm), ear diameter (cm), number of kernels/ear, 1000-kernel weight (g) and yield/plant (g). Statistical analysis showed significant variation among maize genotypes. Considering plant height, ear length, ear diameter, ear height, number of kernels/ear and yield/plant BHM-7 was observed as the best one. Among all the traits higher phenotypic coefficient of variation and genotypic coefficient of variation were observed for yield/plant. Genetic advance was highest for 1000-kernel weight followed by number of kernels/ear. The correlation study revealed only two positive significant associations: plant height with yield/plant and ear diameter with ear length. Nine genotypes were grouped into three clusters. These all clearly indicated the presence of ample genetic diversity among maize genotypes which can be exploited in future breeding program for better utilization of maize germplasm.

Keywords: Genetic diversity, Morphological traits, Genotype, Maize, Assessment

Location: Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-03-2013

End Date: 00-04-2014

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Maize

Objectives:

1. To analyze genetic diversity of maize genotypes using morphological traits.

Methodology:

Experimental site, duration and materials - The experiment was conducted in the field lab of the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh from March 2013 to April 2014. Nine maize genotypes were selected as experimental materials, those were: Uttaran, Duranta, BARI Hybrid Maize 5 (BHM-5), BARI Hybrid Maize 7 (BHM-7), BARI Hybrid Maize 9 (BHM-9), V-92, H-981, Pop Corn and Sweet Corn. All of them were collected from Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI). Experimental design and data collection - The experiment was conducted following randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The plot size was 4.2 m x 2.7 m, row to row and plant to plant distances were 60 cm and 30 cm, respectively. Recommended production packages i.e. application of recommended doses of fertilizers, weeding, thinning, irrigation, pesticide etc. was followed as per BARI recommendation, as and when necessary to ensure the optimum plant growth and development. At field maturity, five randomly selected plants were used for recording observations on the traits: plant height (cm), ear height (cm), ear length (cm), ear diameter (cm), number of kernels/ear, 1000-kernel weight (g) and yield/plant (g). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was done on the sample for all the seven character mentioned using MStat-c statistical program. The total variance of each character was partitioned into replication, genotype and error. The differences within the classes of effects were tested by F-test. The mean performance of the nine genotypes for their traits was shown through lettering by DMRT (Duncan’s Multiple Range Tests) using the same software. Genotyping and phenotypic variances, co-efficients, genetic advance were estimated using conventional formula. The genotypes were arranged in different clusters followed by the method suggested by Ward’s Method based on Squared Euclidean distance and hierarchical cluster analysis. The initial cluster distances in Ward's minimum variance method are therefore defined to be the squared Euclidean distance between points: dij = d({ Xi}, {Xj} = ||Xi - Xj||2

Source of Information: Res. Agric. Livest. Fish. Vol. 2, No. 1, April 2015: 53-61; ISSN : P-2409-0603, E-2409-9325

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Assessing of genetic diversity is the basic need for the utilization of any germplasm. The research findings suggested adequate genetic diversity exists among studied nine genotypes. Though BHM-7 performed well other genotypes were good enough considering different traits. All these genotypes can be utilized for further improvement of maize germplasm for the desired characters.

Knowledge Management: Journal