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Comparative Study on Yield and Yield Attributes of Hybrid, Inbred, and Npt Rice Genotypes in a Tropical Irrigated Ecosystem

M. SIRAJUL ISLAM
Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur

SHAOBING PENG
Crop and Environmental Sciences Division, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines

ROMEO M. VISPERAS
Crop and Environmental Sciences Division, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines

M. SULTAN UDDIN BHUIYA
Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh

S.M. ALTAF HOSSAIN
Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh

A.W. JULFIQUAR
Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Yield potential of 16 rice genotypes including 12 hybrids, 3 inbreds, and I new plant type (NPT), were studied at the International Rice Research Institute farm under optimum crop management to achieve maximum attainable yields during the wet season (WS) of 2004 and dry season (DS) of 2005. Yield and yield components were determined at maturity. 1R76712H produced the highest grain yield (7.7 t/ha) followed by 1R75217H and Magat (7.6 t/ha) in WS; in DS, 1R79118H produced the highest grain yield (9.17 t/ha) followed by 1R73855H (8.9 t/ha) and SL-8H (8.8 t/ha. The high yield of hybrid rice was due to high harvest index (0.50). Hybrid produced significantly higher productivity (80.2 kg/ha/day) than inbred in DS, but the difference was not significant in WS. Hybrid produced higher spikelets/panicle and 1000-grain weight than inbred rice. Spikelet filling percent was higher in inbred than hybrid rice. The NPT rice genotype had the lowest

Keywords: Yield, yield attributes, Hybrid, Inbred, Rice, Fenotypes.

Location:

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

The present study was undertaken to compare the yield and yield contributing characters of hybrid, inbred, and NPT rice genotypes in a tropical irrigated ecosystem.

Methodology:

Experiments were conducted at the research farm of the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Baños (14°11′N, 121°15′E, 21 m altitude), Philippines during the wet season (WS) of 2004 and dry season (DS) of 2005. According to FAO taxonomy, the soil of the experimental site is Eutric Gleysols with a pH 6.6, 20.0 g/kg organic C, 1.9 g/kg total N, 14.5 mg/kg Olsen P, 1.3 meq 100g extractable K, and 37.2 meq/100g cation exchange capacity. Sixteen rice genotypes including 12 indica/ F₁hybrids, three indica inbreds, and one new plant type (NPT) were arranged in a completely randomized block design with four replications in each of the 2004 WS and 2005 DS. The hybrids were not exactly the same across the two seasons. Among the hybrids, nine were developed by IRRI and four were developed by a private seed company. These four hybrids were SL-8H. SL-9H, SL-10H, and SL-11H. In 2005, DS, SL-8H, and BRRI DhanlH replaced SL-9H and SL-10H that were used in 2004 WS. BRRI DhanIH was developed by the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute. The two indica inbreds (1R72 and PSBRc28) were included because they were common check varieties in replicated yield trials in the IRRI breeding programme. A new indica inbred (lR72903-12l-2-l-2) and a NPT line (1R72967-12-2-3) developed from tropical japonica was used in the experiment.Clean seeds of each genotype with at least 90% germination were soaked in water for 24 hours and incubated for another 24 hours. Then the pre-germinated seeds were sown in seedling tray filled with soil to produce uniform seedlings. Fourteen-day-old seedlings were transplanted on 2 July for 2004 WS and 20 January for 2005 DS at a hill spacing of 0.2 × 0.2 m with four seedlings/hill. Plot size was 25 m² in WS and 30 m² in DS. Fifteen kg P/ha as single super phosphate, 20 kg K/ha as KCI and 5 kg Zn/ha as zinc sulfate heptahydrate were applied as basal fertilizers in WS whereas, 30 kg P/ha, 40 kg K/ha and 5 kg Zn/ha were applied in DS. Basal fertilizers were applied and incorporated in all plots 1 day before transplanting. Nitrogen in the form of urea was split-applied: 30 kg/ha at basal, 30 kg/ha at mid-tillering, 30 kg/ha at panicle initiation in WS; 60 kg/ha at basal, 40 kg/ha at mid-tillering, 60 kg/ha at panicle initiation and 40 kg/ha at flowering in DS. After transplanting, 5 cm water depth was maintained in the experimental plots. Ten days before harvest, the plots were drained to facilitate harvesting. Insects, diseases, and weeds were intensively controlled to avoid any yield loss. Grain yield was determined from a 5 m²sampling area from each plot and adjusted to 14% moisture content and expressed as t/ha. Grain moisture content was measured with a digital moisture meter (Steinlite, SL95, USA). Productivity per day was the grain yield over total growth duration. Above ground biomass was the total dry matter of straw, rachis and filled and unfilled spikelets. Harvest index was calculated as:Data were analyzed following analysis of variance using IRRISTAT (IRRI, 2005) and means of each genotype were compared based on Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at the 0.05 probability level. Three groups of tested genotypes were compared by three CONTRAST statements: inbred versus NPT, inbred versus hybrid, and NPT versus hybrid.

Source of Information: ISSN 0258-7122 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 35(2) : 343-353, June 2010

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In summary, hybrid rice produced higher grain yield than inbred and NPT line genotype in both the seasons and these difference was more prominent in DS than WS. Hybrid 1R76712H produced the highest grain yield (7.66 t/ha) in wet season and IR79I18H produced the highest grain yield (9.17 t/ha) in dry season. Like grain yield, hybrid rice also produced higher productivity/day than inbred and NPT rice. The high yield of hybrid rice was due to the high harvest index. Hybrid rice produced lower panicles/m^-2 than inbred rice whereas, the NPT line produced the lowest paniles/m². The high yield of hybrid rice was also due to high spikelets/panicle and high individual grain weight. The low yield of NPT line was due to low panicles/m2 and also low spikelet filling percentage in spite of its high individual grain weight.

Knowledge Management: Journal