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Growth Performance and Nutritional Value of Scenedesmus Obliquus Cultured in Different Concentrations of Sweetmeat Factory Waste Media

M. A. Toyub
Department of Fisheries, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Bangladesh

M. I. Miah
Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University,Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. A. B. Habib
Dept. of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. M. Rahman
Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University,Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The growth performance of Scenedesmus obliquus was studied in the laboratory in different concentration of sweetmeat factory waste media (SFWM). Four different concentrations viz. 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0% of SFWM and Bold basal medium (BBM) as control was used with three replications for a period of three months. Each trial was done for a period of 14 days in the laboratory. The initial density of Scenedesmus obliquus was 2.1×10⁵ cell/ml which attained a maximum density of 136.30×10⁵ cell/ml in BBM followed by 97.05, 83.21, 65.19 and 51.21 (×10⁵ cell/ml) in 2.5, 0.3, 2.0 and 1.5 % SFWM respectively on the 10th day of culture. Highest chlorophyll a content was also observed on the 10th day of culture with value of 6.14 and 5.52 mg/l in BBM and SFWM, respectively. The specific growth rate (SGR, µ/day) and total biomass were significantly (P<0.05) higher in BBM than all other treatments. The overall growth performance of the alga Scenedesmus obliquus was significantly (P<0.05) higher in 2.5% SFWM than other concentrations of SFWM. The cultured microalgae were found nutritionally rich. During the whole culture period the pH range was 7.03 to 8.05. The other physico-chemical parameters of the culture media were found within the suitable range of the microalgae culture.

Keywords: Sweetmeat factory waste, Scenedesmus obliquus, Chlorophyll a

Location: Live Food Culture Laboratory, Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 15-06-2005

End Date: 15-09-2005

Program Area: Quality and Nutrition

Commodity: Sweets

Objectives:

1. To produce S. obliquus in different concentrations of sweetmeat factory waste media and also to know the nutritional values of the microalgae thus produced.

Methodology:

Research institute - The experiment was conducted at the Live Food Culture Laboratory, Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. The experiment was conducted from 15 June to 15 September 2005. The equipments, chemicals and other facilities available at the Faculty were also used whenever required. Collection and preparation of sweetmeat factory waste media - Sweetmeat waste was collected from Mymensingh town. It was diluted with distilled water to 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0% concentration levels and was fermented for one month by aeration at room temperature. The supernatant of fermented media was filtered. Urea was added at the rate of 0.2 g/l to increase nitrogen content of the media. Then the media was mixed well and sterilized at 120^oC for 15 minutes with moist heat by autoclave. Bold basal medium (BBM) was used as control media. Culture of Scenedesmus obliquus - Stock culture of Scenedesmus obliquus maintained in the Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh was used for this study. The cells were separated with the help of microcapillary through different dilutions using compound microscope. Scenedesmus obliquus was inoculated initially in prepared BBM. Five treatments, four from different concentrations (1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0%) of SFWM and one from BBM (control) were used to grow the microalgae, Scenedesmus obliquus in 1.0 liter volumetric flask with three replications for each treatment. The microalgae were inoculated into each culture flask from the stock (Optical density at 620 nm = 0.20) (Habib, 1998) to get 10% suspension of Scenedesmus obliquus. All the flasks were kept under fluorescent lights (light: dark = 12 h: 12 h) in the Live Food Culture Laboratory. The culture flasks were continuously aerated using electric aerator. Samplings were carried out at every alternate day from each flask to observe cell density, chlorophyll a, optical density and physico-chemical properties of culture media and physico-chemical properties were recorded viz. temperature, light intensity, dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, nitrate-nitrogen, nitrite-nitrogen, ammonia-nitrogen and phosphate- phosphorus. All the glass wares used in the experiment were sterilized with dry heat in an oven at 70°C for overnight. Physico-chemical properties of culture media - Temperature, light intensity, dissolved oxygen and pH were determined by respective meters. Nitritenitrogen, nitrate-nitrogen and phosphate-phosphorus were determined by Hach kit (DREL/2000). Scenedesmus obliquus cell density - Scenedesmus obliquus cells were counted using an improved Neubauer ruling haemacytometer and cell density of algal culture were estimated. Chlorophyll a - Optical densities of the prepared samples were determined at 664, 647 and 630 nm wave length by using UV spectrophotometer. A blank with 100% acetone was run simultaneously. Chlorophyll a content was calculated : Chlorophyll a (mg/l) = 11.85 (OD 664)-1.54 (OD 647)-0.08 (OD 630). Specific growth rate (SGR / day) of microalgae - The specific growth rate (SGR µg/ day) of cultured microalgae was calculated by the following equation: SGR (µg/ day) = ln (X₁- X₂)/ t₂ – t₁ Where, X₁ = Biomass concentration at the end of selected time interval X₂ = Biomass concentration at the beginning of selected time interval, and t₂ –t₁ = Elapsed time between selected time in the day. Analysis of proximate composition - Proximate compositions of mass cultured algal samples were analyzed in the nutrition laboratory, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, following standard methods. Statistical analysis - Mean and standard deviation were calculated from the experimental data. Then the data were analyzed through one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) using SPSS followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) to assure significant difference among the treatment means.

Source of Information: Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2008, 37 (1) : 86 - 93; ISSN 0003-3588

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Among the three different concentrations of the SFWM 2.5% showed the best performance in respect of cell number, chlorophyll-a, SGR, total biomass and nutrient content. The content of protein, lipid, ash and crude fiber was found 34.56%, 16.13%, 12.0% and 6.39%, respectively in 2.5% SFWM. This study proved the feasibility of SFWM as a Scenedesmus culture media. It is also revealed from this study that as this is an inexpensive algal culture media it can be broadly used in Bangladesh where culture media are expensive and largely unavailable.

Knowledge Management: Journal