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Seasonal Variation of Zooplankton Population with Reference to Water Quality of Kaptai Lake, Bangladesh

Md. Abul Bashar
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Riverine sub-station, Rangamati-4500, Bangladesh.

S. Sanjib Basak
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Riverine sub-station, Rangamati-4500, Bangladesh.

Kazi Belal Uddin
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Riverine sub-station, Rangamati-4500, Bangladesh.

A. K. M. Saiful Islam
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Riverine sub-station, Rangamati-4500, Bangladesh.

Yahia Mahmud
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Riverine sub-station, Rangamati-4500, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The zooplankton population of Kaptai Lake was investigated with reference to water quality from July, 2013 to December, 2014. Plankton samples were collected by conical shaped monofilament nylon net (Plankton net) and 5% formalin was used for preservation. The zooplankton abundance was influenced by physicochemical factors. During the study period 10 genera of zooplankton under 3 orders were recorded from the study site namely Cladocera, Rotifera and Copepoda. Among all groups Cladocera was the dominant order. The percentages of Cladocera, Rotifera and Copepoda were 46.60%, 45.28% and 8.11% respectively. Numbers of zooplankton species were recorded to be the highest in summer season (5313 individual/L) and minimum at early summer season (2659 individual/L). Highest number of zooplankton found at the month of June. Total zooplankton shows positive relationship with air temperature (r= +0.456), water temperature (r= +0.485), dissolve oxygen (r= +0.333), water depth (r= +0.612) and rainfall (r= +0.241). On the other hand negative relationship shows with pH (r= -0.3194), free CO₂ (r= - 0.03), total alkalinity (r= -0.212), total hardness (r= -0.276) and transparency (r= - 0.572). The relationship between zooplankton and water quality parameters was varied from place to place depending upon the condition of the reservoir water. The findings of the present study will helpful to improve management plan for freshwater Lake Ecosystem.

Keywords: Zooplankton, Water Quality, Kaptai Lake, Bangladesh.

Location: Kaptai Lake the Southeastern part of Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-07-2013

End Date: 00-06-2014

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Plankton

Objectives:

1. To know about zooplankton abundance and water quality parameters in the Lake ecosystem.

Methodology:

Sampling sites and duration - The study was conducted in Kaptai Lake the Southeastern part of Bangladesh from July 2013 to June 2014. Five sampling stations of this lake namely; Rangamati Sadar, Kaptai, Barkal, Langadhu and Naniarchar upazila (sub-district) were selected taking into consideration: (i) the following streams and drainage arms, (ii) their catchment area, and (iii) shallow, medium and deep water level of the lake. Plankton collection and preservation - Plankton samples were collected fortnightly from each sampling station by conical shaped monofilament nylon net (plankton net). The mesh size of the plankton net was 90 μm and the diameter of the net at mouth was 30 cm. Sample were collected from pelagic waters of the lake from each sampling station. The water was passed down through the net and the plankton condensed at the lower end of the plankton net then it was collected into glass test tube and fixed firmly. After collection, the plankton materials ware transferred into glass bottles and preserved with 5% formalin. After preservation the plankton samples were carried out to the Soil and Water Quality Lab. Riverine Sub-station, Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Rangamati for further analyses. Plankton identification - Plankton cells were enumerated under a binocular light microscope (OLYMPUS, Model: CX22LED, Japan) by using Sedgwich-Rafter (S-R) cell. Recognition of species is a matter of experience. Thus, a series of pencil and ink drawing on postcards of the species of the observed were prepared to identify the organisms. Plankton Counting - For quantitative study of plankton, 1 ml of concentrated plankton sample from each preserved sample were taken by a dropper and then placed on the counting chamber of S-R (Sedgwick-Rafter) cell. Plankton cells were counted following the simple method described by Vollenweider (1971). Sedgwick Rafter (S-R) cell was used for plankton counting because it can be easily manipulated and provides relatively reasonable reproducible data when used with a calibrated microscope. The Sedgwick-Rafter cell is approximately 50 mm long, 20 mm wide and 1 mm deep. The total area of the bottom is approximately 1000 mm and the total volume is 1000 mm³ or 1 ml. Measurement of physicochemical parameters - Surface water samples for physico-chemical parameters were collected from the selected locations by dipping well labeled sterilized plastic containers. Air temperature, water temperature, water depth, transparency, pH and dissolve oxygen are measured in situ. Rest of the water samples collected were transported to the laboratory and processed immediately. Rainfall data were collected from Power Development Board (PDB) at Kaptai office, Rangamati district, Bangladesh. Statistical analysis - Statistical analysis were applied to find out the standard deviation of different parameters in different months and to determine the extent of correlation amongst different parameters. Correlation was calculated by using SPSS® (Version 11.5, 2007. Systat, inc. USA), a computer based programme for windows®.

Source of Information: BANGLADESH RESEARCH PUBLICATIONS JOURNAL; ISSN: 1998-2003, Volume: 11, Issue: 2, Page: 127-133, May 2015

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the results it can be established that physico-chemical parameters and the zooplankton abundance showed interrelationships. These relationships are helpful to understand the seasonal and spatial variation of zooplankton population. From the present study it was found that the zooplankton abundance varied seasonally and it showed direct or indirect relationships with the physico-chemical parameters. In the study, a total of 10 genera of different group of zooplankton were identified from the study site. Among the collected zooplankton, the order Cladocera (46.60%) was dominant followed by Rotifera (45.28%) and Copepoda (8.11%). Present study was such an attempt to know the abundance and periodicity of zooplankton. So this type of work will help us to formalize the management plans of Lake Ecosystem.

Knowledge Management: Journal