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Fisheries Structure and Management Implications in Sundarbans Mangrove Reserve Forest, Bangladesh

M. ENAMUL HOQ
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh 2201, Bangladesh

M.A. WAHAB
Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202

M. KAMAL
Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202

M.N. ISLAM
Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Sundarbans mangrove forest of Bangladesh have been providing a wide array of fisheries activities for forest dependent communities and subsistence for coastal people. Penaeus monodon post larvae has emerged as one of the most important fisheries of the Sundarbans in terms of income, employment and contribution to the country’s export earning. At least 14 types of fishing gears are employed in Sundarbans, majority of which has a relatively high selectivity (mean number of major species caught <10). Dried fish industry in Sundarbans is a major economic activity compared to wood and non-wood products of the forest. Present indications are that there is almost non-existent management resulting in serious over-exploitation of all the fish stocks and requires immediate management attention.

Keywords: Penaeus monodon, Mangrove forest, Post larvae

Location: Sundarbans mangrove reserve forest,Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-06-1998

End Date: 00-05-2000

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Non-commodity: Impact

Objectives:

To evaluate fisheries structure based on statistical records, description of fishing gears, colossal loss in terms of P. monodon PL collection and management of Sundarbans fisheries.

Methodology:

Bangladesh Sundarbans occupies the area between 21⁰30’N and 22⁰30’N latitude and 80⁰E and 89⁰55’E longitudes. Based on species composition and salinity ecological zones, Sundarbans Reserve Forest (SRF) has been classified into three zones : freshwater, moderately saltwater and saltwater zones. The zonation of Sundarbans is defined by the distribution of three forest species- sundri (Heritiera fomes, Sterculiaceae), gewa (Excoecaria agallocha, Euphorbiaceae) and goran (Ceriops decandra, Rhizophoraceae). All three occur throughout Sundarbans but in different proportions depending on salinity. Five rivers were studied for colossal losses by P. monodon PL collection. Passur, Sibsa and Koyra rivers represent freshwater, Kholpatua represents semi-saline, and Madar is from saline zone. Sampling was carried out from June 1998 to May 2000 in these river systems. Samples were collected fortnightly from each river site during new and full moons. At least four samples were collected per sampling. A rectangular dredge net of nylon netting (mesh size 1 mm) and bamboo spilt structure (1.6x0.6m²) was used (this net, along with other fixed nets, prepared with the same materials, are widely used for wild shrimp seed collection in coastal waters) to assess the damage caused to shellfish and finfish during collection of P. monodon PL. For each sample the net was dragged twice, starting from shallow waters and continuing to the adjacent shore, covering a total area of 25m². The collected specimens were cleaned and preserved in 5% formalin. Shrimp, fish larvae and juveniles were identified by examining external morphological characters, body shape, body proportions Data on fishing gear was made by intensive field observation and fisher’s interview using structured questionnaire. The study is also based on secondary data as well as a comprehensive review of available literatures. Secondary data was collected from Department of Forestry, Department of Fisheries, Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute- Brackishwater Station, Khulna University, Statistical Year Book of Bangladesh.

Source of Information: Indian J. Fish., 50(2) : 243-249, Apr.-June, 2003

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Penaeus monodon post larvae has emerged as one of the most important fisheries of the Sundarbans in terms of income, employment and contribution to the country’s export earning.
At least 14 types of fishing gears are employed in Sundarbans, majority of which has a relatively high selectivity.
Dried fish industry in Sundarbans is a major economic activity compared to wood and non-wood products of the forest.
Present indications are that there is almost non-existent management resulting in serious over-exploitation of all the fish stocks and requires immediate management attention.

Knowledge Management: Journal