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Restoration of Soil Fertility and Sustenance Crop Productivity in the Boro - T. Aman Rice Cropping Pattern

M. F. Islam
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh

M. Q. Haque
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh

M. H. Rahman
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh

M. R. Khan
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh

M. M. Rahman
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted at Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA) experimental field, Mymensingh for two years during 2002-2003 to introduce green mauring in Boro-T.aman rice cropping pattern for maintainance of soil fertility as well as increased crop productivity. The experiment comprised of seven treatments and laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Collected soil samples (Pre and Post harvest soils) were analyzed in the laboratory for different nutrients following standard methods. The highest grain yield of Boro 7.21 (t/ha) was recorded in treatment T₄ (N₁₄₀, P₄₅, K₈₅, S₃₅, Zn₄and B₂ kg/ha) which was statistically identical with T₂ (7.18), T₆ (7.17) and T₇ (7.12) t/ha. The results of T. Aman rice indicated that application of cowdung 5t/ha along with 60% chemical fertilizer applied in the first crop of the pattern showed some beneficial effect on the second crop (T.aman rice). The highest net benefit of Tk. 96,272/ha was recorded in treatment T6. Nutrient uptake of the cropping pattern found to follow the order: N > K > P > and S. Application of cowdung in first crop (Kharif season) of the pattern and incorporation of Dhaincha (Sesbania aculeata) as green manure 5-6 days before transplanting of T.aman (Kharif II) rice along with recommended inorganic fertilizers may substantially increase the production of Boro-T.aman rice as well as improve the soil fertility.¬

Keywords: Green manuring, Cropping pattern, Soil fertility, Sustainability

Location: Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA) experimental field, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-00-2002

End Date: 00-00-2003

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

1. To introduce green manuring in Boro-T. Aman rice cropping pattern to maintain and improve soil fertility and organic matter status of soil.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at BINA experimental field, Mymensingh for two years during 2002-2003. Treatments for Boro-T.aman rice were T₁ = Control (Without any fertilizer), T₂ = 100% chemical fertilizers (recommended rates for high yield goal) to each major crop, T₃ = 60% chemical fertilizers in each major crop + cowdung (5 t/ha), T₄ = 100% chemical fertilizers for the first major crop (only N fertilizer in T.aman rice), T₅ = 60% chemical fertilizers to each major crop, T₆ = 100% chemical fertilizers for the first crop + 50% chemical fertilizers for T.aman rice and T₇ = T₆ with no green manuring crop in the system. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) having a unit plot size (4m × 5m) replicated thrice. Composite soil samples were collected at 0-15 cm depth from the experimental site. Collected soil samples were analyzed in the laboratory for different nutrients following standard methods. The initial nutrient status of the experimental site was, pH 6.5, organic matter (%) 1.12, total N 0.09%, available P, S, Zn and B were 13,10, 1.3 and 0.78 ppm, respectively. The exchangeable cations were K, Ca, Mg 0.10, 1.15 and 0.67 me%. The crop cycle was started by seedbed preparation of boro rice during December followed by transplanting of Boro rice (cv. Binadhan-6) from seedbed to main field during January. After harvesting of boro rice green manuring crop (Sebania aculeata) was grown in a highland adjacent to this plot and transferred to the main field @ 8t/ha (fresh wt. basis) and mixed with the soil. Thirty five days old seedling (cv. Binadhan-4) were transplanted during July. Both for Boro and T.aman rice all fertilizers except urea were applied at the time of final land preparation. Urea was applied in three equal splits at 10, 35 and 60 days after transplanting (DAT). Grain and straw yields were recorded per plot basis at 14% moisture level and the required amount of grain and straw samples were kept for determination of N, P, K and S content. Economic analysis of the product was done. After completion of two cycles soil samples were collected from each plot and analyzed for pH organic matter, total N and available P, K, S and Zn to monitor the nutrient status of the soils.

Source of Information: J. Agrofor. Environ. 4 (1): 159-162, 2010; ISSN 1995-6983

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

For yearly cropping sequences the residual effect of (P & S) fertilizers applied to the first crop should be evaluated and considered in formulating fertilizer recommendations for the subsequent crop. Application of cowdung in first crop (Kharif season) of the pattern and incorporation of dhaincha (Sesbania aculeata) as green manure 5-6 days before transplanting of T.aman (Kharif II) rice along with recommended inorganic fertilizers may substantially increase the production of Boro -T. aman rice as well as improve the soil fertility.

Knowledge Management: Journal