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Carry Over Effict of Groundnut Crop Residue and Chemical Fertilizers on Rice

N C Basak
On-Farm Research Division Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

S M Altaf Hossain
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202,.

N Islam
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202,

N I Bhuiyan
Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701,Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted at the Jute Research Regional Station, Kishoreganj to know the effect of groundnut crop residue and chemical fertilizers on the productivity of T. A us and T. A man rice during Kharif seasons of 1999 and 2000. The treatments include four levels of chemical fertilizers with or without groundnut crop residue. Grain and straw yields in both the rice crops increased with the increase of rate of chemical fertilizers with or without ground nut residue incorporation. But the rate of increase was more where groundnut crop residues were incorporated. Higher grain and straw yields in T. Aus rice were obtained from GR+ 100% RF which were statistically identical with GR+ 66%RF and GR+ 33%RF. In T. Aman rice also highest grain and straw yields were obtained from GR+100%RF which were statistically similar to GR0+ 100%RF and GR+ 66%RF. Groundnut residue incorporated plots with 100%RF gave higher gross return (Tk. 77565/ha) and gross margin (Tk. 64907/ha) but the MBCR was higher (2.20-2.31) in other residue incorporated plots with reduced rate of fertilizers. The balance of N and K were negative but P and K showed positive balance in all the treatments except the control. Overall, the balances were favourable in the residue incorporated plots.

Keywords: Residue; Fertilizer; Groundnut; Rice

Location: Jute Research Regional Station, Kishoreganj

Start Date: 00-00-1999

End Date: 00-00-2000

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To study the effect of groundnut crop residue and chemical fertilizers on the productivity ofT. Aus rice and T. Aman rice crops.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Jute Research Regional Station, Kishoreganj during 1999 and 2000. The soil of the experimental field was silty loam in texture with pH 6.6, organic matter content 1.4% total nitrogen 0.08%, available phosphorus 24 ppm, available potassium 44 ppm, available sulphur 11 ppm and available zinc 0.27 ppm. The design of the experiment was randomized complete block with three replications. The unit plot size was 3mx4m. After harvest of groundnut pods, the crop residues were applied to the following T. Aus rice crop and four levels of chemical fertilizer were used with or without groundnut crop residue (GR) in T. Aus rice and residual effect of GR was measured in T. Aman rice. Thus, the treatments were: T_I= GR+100%RF, T₂=GR+66%RF, T₃=GR+33%RF. T₄= GR + RF0, T₅=GR0+ 100%RF, T₆=GR0+66%RF, T₇=GR0+33%RF and T₈=GR0RF0. The varieties used for groundnut was Jhingabadam, T. Aus BR 26 and T. Aman BR 11. Crop residues of groundnut were incorporated into the soil before transplanting of T. Aus rice @ 31.0 t/ha. The nutrient supplied from the residues were 211-43-113-105-0.22 kg N P K Sand Zn/ha. T. Aus rice was followed by I. Aman rice. Groundnut crop residues were chopped into small pieces and spreaded on the individual plots. The residues were incorporated into the soil by spade and foot pressing. In T. Aus rice and T. Aman rice fertilizers were applied at the rate of 60-20-33-10-4 kg N P K S and Zn/ha and 80-20-33-10- 4 kg N P K Sand Zn/ha, respectively (BRRI 1997). All the fertilizers except N were applied as basal. Nitrogen (as urea) was top dressed in three equal splits at seedling, tillering and panicle initiation stage. Rice seedlings of 35-40 days old were transplanted at spacing 20 cm x 15 cm. All the intercultural operations like weeding, irrigation, drainage, pest and disease control were done as and when necessary. T. Aus rice and T. Aman rice seedlings were transplanted during 16-18 May and 17 August, respectively in both the years. T. Aus and T. Aman rice were harvested during 11-19 August and 27 November- 6 December, respectively. Yield data were collected from an area of 1 m x 3 m. For yield contributing characters, ten plants were collected randomly from each plot. The collected data were analyzed statistically by using computer package program MSTAT -C and mean differences were adjudged by LSD test. Cost benefit analysis was done on the basis of prevailing market price of input and output.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agric. and Environ. 4 (1): 21- 29 , June 2008

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

For sustainable yield of T. Aus and T. Aman rice, incorporation of crop residues particularly that or groundnut and application of reduced amount of chemical fertilizers is desirable. After incorporation or groundnut crop residue in T. Aus rice it is enough to apply only 33-66% of recommended chemical fertilizers in both T. Aus and T. Aman rice to obtain reasonable yield and economic benefit. However, the resource rich farmers may also go for using treatment GR+ 100% RF to obtain maximum yield, gross return and gross margin.

Knowledge Management: Journal