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Potassium Fertilization of Potato Crop Propagated by Stem Cutting

M J Hossain
Tissue Culture Lab Olericulture Division, Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.

M Zakaria
Department of Horticulture, Bangabondhu Sheikh mujibur Rahman Agricultural university, Salna, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Muriate of potash (0, 24,48,72,96 and 120 kg K₂O/ha) was used to assess K requirement of a stern cutting propagated crops of three standard potato cultivars (Cardinal, Diamant and Multa) during 1997 /98, 1998/99 and 1999/2000. The cuttings of the cultivars showed luxuriant vegetative with K₇₂ and onwards in all the three years. Growth performance of the cultivar Diamant with K₉₆, or K₁₂₀ which were statistically similar was the best. Diamant produced 70.61 cm plant height, 16 leaves per plant; 20.54 cm long leaf, 41.26% and 59.06% FC at 40 and 60 DAP with maximum level of K (K₁₂₀). All the cultivars statistically produced the same number or tubers per plant (4-5) weighing to 48.94 g for Cardinal, 78.29 g for Diamant and 51.35 g for Multa. Diamant gave statistically the highest tuber weight per plant (78.29 g), mean tuber weight (15.23 g) and tuber yield (36.54 t/ha). Tuber yield at K, was 14.41 t/ha which increased to 38.28 t/ha at K₉₆ and 41.54 t/ha at K₁₂₀. These two treatments were statistically similar. In respect of tuber yield, the crop performance of 1997/98 was the best. About 70% tubers of the total production were of the suitable size grade (10-20 mm and 20-30 mm) irrespective of treatments. The overall performance of cv. Diamant with K₉₆, or K₁₂₀ was proved to be the best which indicates that K₉₆ is the optimum level or potassium for potato production with stem cutting propagated crop.

Keywords: Potassium, Potato, Stem cutting

Location: Tuber Crops Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur

Start Date: 01-07-1997

End Date: 30-06-2000

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Potato

Objectives:

To find out an optimum rate of K for stem cutting propagated potato crops of three Dutch potato cultivars Cardinal, Diamant and Multa.

Methodology:

The experiments were conducted at the Tuber Crops Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur during 1997/98, 1998/99 and 1999/2000. Three Dutch potato cultivars Cardinal. Diamant and Multa which are recommended and most popular potato cultivars in Bangladesh were used in this study. The initial nutrient status of soils of the experimental plots was 16, 8, 3 and 7 μg/ml of NH₄-N, P, Zn and S, respectively; and 0.10, l.8, and 0.68 meq/100 ml of K, Ca and Mg, respectively. and organic matter was 0.78%. The pH of the soil was 6.3.Six levels of K as muriate of potash (0, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 kg K₂0/ha) in combination with a fixed rate of N as urea (120 kg N/ha) and phosphorus as triple super phosphate (80 kg P/ha) were used in a 3 factor-RCBD replicated thrice. In all the three years, 3-4 cm height top shoot were cut and soaked immediately with rooting hormone (Indole-3 butyric acid 16 mgl^-1 and α- naphthalene acidic acid 8 mgl^-1) for a few second prior to planting in sand bed contained in wooden box for rooting. After 7 days, the rooted cuttings were transplanted in soil on Nov. 18 at 20 cm x 10 cm spacing accommodating 150 cuttings in a unit plot of I m x 3 m. Full doses of P and K and one half of urea were applied on the soil after establishment of the cuttings i.e. after 10 days of transplanting the rooted cuttings and the remaining one half of urea was side dressed during cultivation after 35 days of planting. Protection measures against insects and diseases were taken as required. The crops were raised with usual cultural practices and harvested after 90 days of planting. Data from 15 ramdomly selected plants from each plot were recorded on different growth characters, yield attributes including tuber yield and tuber grades. The percentage data were transformed into corresponding angles whenever necessary before statistical analysis. The mean separation was done by LSD at 1 % level of probability.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agric. and Environ. 4 (1): 41-51 , June 2008 ?

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the above discussion, it may be concluded that growth and yield attributes of stern cutting propagated crops of potato arc remarkedly influenced by application of potassium (K₂O) in combination of N and P₂O₅ .For many growth parameters, K_I20 and K₉₆ were found to be statistically similar but K₁₂₀ gave the better yield attributes. Diamant with K₁₂₀ gave the maximum tuber yield (41.47 t/ha) which was statistically similar to the same cultivar at K₉₆ (38.73 t/ha) indicating that K₉₆ is the optimum K level for stem cutting propagated potato crop.

Knowledge Management: Journal