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Physicochemical Characteristics of Urban and Rural Wetlands Water of NARShingdi District

A. K. M. RASHIDUL ALAM
Department of Environmental Science, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka -1342

A. B. M. ENA YET HOSSAIN
Department of Botany, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka - 1342

SIRAJUL HOQUE
Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka, Dhaka -1000

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Physicochemical characteristics of water of urban and rural wetlands were investigated during July 2003 - June 2004. The mean concentrations of total dissolved solid (TDS), electric conductivity (EC), pH, chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), ammonium-N, nitrate-N and dissolved phosphorus (P) of urban and rural wetland waters collected from Narshingdi District were 108 mgIL, 74 u Szcm, 6.36, 32.84 mg/L, 8.49 mg/L, 6.49 mgIL, 3.72 mgIL and 140.87 ug/L; and 180 mglL, 249.83 flS/cm, 6.18, 41.92 mgIL, 10.90 mg/L, 6.73 mg/L, 4.43 mgIL and 61.07 ug/L, respectively. The pH of water was acidic (5.87) in urban wetlands during monsoon. TDS, EC and COD decreased significantly in water of rural wetlands comparing with urban wetlands. The dissolved-P of water increased significantly (at 5%) in rural wetlands comparing with urban wetlands.

Keywords: Physicochemical Characteristics, Urban and Rural Wetlands Water, Narshingdi District

Location: Seven freshwater wetlands of Narshingdi district

Start Date: 00-00-2003

End Date: 00-00-2004

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Land management

Objectives:

1. To determine physicochemical characteristics of water of some urban and rural wetlands of Narshingdi district.

Methodology:

Study sites - Seven freshwater wetlands of Narshingdi district were selected for this investigation. These are: one wetland (JR = Joaria Beel) of Monohardi, two wetlands (CR = Chinadi Beel, PR = Putia) of Shibpur, one wetland (DR= Jinardi) of Palash and three wetlands (AR = Amirgong, SU = Shatirpara, Narshingdi Pourashava; MU = Madhabdi Pourashava) of Narshingdi Sadar. Among them JR, CR, PR, DR and AR are rural freshwater wetlands whereas SU and MU are urban freshwater wetlands. The latitude and longitude of these wetlands are within 24°15' Nand 91°E', respectively. Among seven selected wetlands, five rural wetlands (JR, CR, PR, DR and AR) were employed as the "control" group, which may be received less pollutants, and the other two urban wetlands (SU, MU) were served as the "treated" group, which may be received more pollutants. The water retention pattern, depth and some of the catchments characteristics of the studied wetlands have been furnished in Table-l . The wetlands were studied for three seasons namely, pre-monsoon (March - May), monsoon (July - September) and post- monsoon (October - December) of 2003-2004. Collection of Water Sample - To have a representative sample, 1.5 liter water sample was collected from each of the four stations of the wetland and all were mixed together. From this composite sample 1.0 liter sample was acidified with HCI and used for the determination of nutrient parameters. However, fresh samples (unacidified) were used to determine the pH. BOD bottles were used to collect water sample for determining BOD. The physico-chemical characteristics of water were analysed by using the following standard methods: Total dissolved solids content of water were determined by gravimetric method. The pH of water was determined by using a glass electrode pH meter (Griffin pH meter, Model No. 40). The cell of the conductivity meter was filled with water sample and electric conductivity of water was determined by EC meter (Bonnet 1, HI3291, A TC- Conductivity Probe). BOD5 was evaluated by measuring oxygen concentration in sample before and after incubation in the dark at 20°C for 5 days. A reflux unit consisting of flat bottom flask with ground glass mouth was used for determining COD. The chemical oxygen demand and biochemical oxygen demand of water were measured]. Arnmonium-N and nitrate-N content of water were determined by using Micro-kjeldhal distillation method. The water soluble phosphorus content was determined by ascorbic acid blue colour method. Statistical Analysis - Data from the study were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) for Windows. Values were expressed as Mean ± SEM (Standard Error of the Mean). Unpaired" t " tests were conducted as the test of significance to determine the variation of physicochemical variables of water between urban and rural wetlands. p < 0.05 was considered as the minimal level of statistical significance.

Source of Information: Jahangirnagar University Journal of Science, Vol. 29, 85-94, 2006

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Assessment of physicochemical characteristics of water is a very important event to understand the health of biotic communities. Water pH, BODs, ammonium-N and nitrate- N of water did not vary between urban and rural wetlands significantly. Significant variations were observed in TDS, EC, COD and dissolved-P of water. The results of the present study can be used for monitoring of wetland pollution and to assess the present status of environmental health of the wetland ecosystem. Further investigation is needed to determine the content of micronutrients of water for managing the wetland resources on sustainable bases.

Knowledge Management: Journal