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Effect of Compost on Diseases Incidence in Winter Tomato (lycopersicon Esculentum Mill.) Under Open Field Conditions

K. K. Mistry
Department of Agriculture, Akbar Ali Khan Technical and Commerce College, Doudkandi, Commila-3517, Bangladesh

D. D. Chatterjee
Agriculture officer, World Vision, Bangladesh

A. Khair
Department of Botany, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Three experiments were carried out at the “Angel-Bangladesh”, Voluntary Organization of Japan, Konabari, Gazipur” during winter season from 2000-2001 to evaluate the effects of environment friendly management practices in winter tomato on disease incidence and the yield of Manik and Ratan varieties. The result of the study revealed that Manik performed better regards to fruit yield (72.45 t/ha) compared to Ratan (70.30 t/ha). The maximum fruit yield (74.55 t/ha) was produced with maximum dose @ 25 t/ha of compost. Higher percent of ‘leaf curl virus’ incidence (24.57%) was found in Manik variety. However, higher ‘bacterial wilt’ (16.55%) was found in Ratan. Incidence of disease severity was reduced gradually with incremental doses of compost up to @ 25 t/ha. Similar trend was recorded due to effect interaction in variety with doses. Where, the minimum ‘bacterial wilt’ 10.23% and 10.25% were recorded in variety Manik and Ratan respectively with maximum dose @ 25 t/ha of compost. Moreover, the maximum fruit yield (71.75 t/ha) was produced with dose @ 25 t/ha in variety Manik compared to Ratan (70.46 t/ha) with same dose of compost.

Keywords: Compost, Winter tomato and diseases incidence

Location: “Angel- Bangladesh” Agricultural farm, Konabari, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-11-2000

End Date: 00-02-2001

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Tomato

Objectives:

1. The present study was undertaken to find out the status of diseases severity in winter tomato with compost management practices.

Methodology:

Three field study were conducted with winter tomato varieties Manik and Ratan at “Angel- Bangladesh” Agricultural farm, Konabari, Gazipur during November to February for consecutive two years (2000-2001) in split-split plot design with three replications and plant spacing was 60 cm x 40 cm; three factors in the study viz, varieties Manik and Ratan, compost with different doses 10, 15, 20 and 25 t/ha designated as D₁, D₂, D₃ and D₄. There were total ten treatment combinations [manure (1) x dose (5) x variety (2) = 10] in the present investigation. Varieties Manik, Ratan were assigned in main plot and compost allocated in the sub-plots and doses 10, 15, 20 and 25 tons/ha was applied to the sub-sub plots. Two third of total organic manure was applied at the time of final land preparation and rest of compost was side dressed at the end of flowering of the plants. Compost prepared with mustard oil cake, water hyacinth, molasses, cattle urine and was determined the percentage of nutrition N, P, K and S from that compost. Seeds were sown in the seedbed on first week of November and 25 day old seedlings were transplanted in the main field at the time of final land preparation. Irrigation along with other intercultural operations was accomplished as and when required. Calculation of diseases incidence in percent - The tomato plants were inspected regularly to record the appearance and development of symptoms of plants for the different diseases incidence. At final harvest 10 plants were selected randomly from unit plot under each variety. Disease severity was indexed using the 1-5 scale where, 1= healthy plant, 2= One leaf wilting, 3= One-third of plant wilting, 4= two- thirds of plant wilting and 5= whole plants wilting or dead. PDI was calculated as follows. Class frequency Percent Disease Index (PDI) = 100/ (Number of plant assed x higher score of scale). The relevant data were analyzed statically and the mean differences were compared with Duncan’s Multiple Range Test due to better interpretation of the results.

Source of Information: BANGLADESH RESEARCH PUBLICATIONS JOURNAL; ISSN: 1998-2003; Volume: 1, Issue: 4, Page: 312-318, November - December, 2008

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Results from the study, it may be concluded that doses of compost were significant effect on fruit yield. As a result, the maximum dose @ 25 t/ha produced the maximum yield. The fruit yield 17.23% and 15.72% were increased over control in variety Manik and Ratan respectively. Moreover, compost was suitable for the production of winter tomato to considering the doses @ 25 t/ha. Higher fruit yield was recorded in Manik variety compared to Ratan.

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