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Effect of Pvy Infected Seed Tuber on Disease Incidence, Plant Growth and Yield Parameters of Potato

M.S Rahman
Upazilla Agriculture Officer, Daudkandi, Comilla, Bangladesh

A.M. Akanda
Department of Plant Pathology, BSMRAU, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An investigation was conducted to find out the effect of PVY infected seed tuber on disease incidence, plant growth and tuber yield of potato. Five levels of infected seed tubers viz. 0, 10, 20, 30 and 100% were maintained using PVY infected tubers mixed with healthy seed tubers. It was found that presence of PVY infected tubers at 20% and higher rate caused significant increase in PVY incidence and reduction in plant height, stem number, tuber number and tuber yield per hill as compared to control where 100% healthy seed tubers (0% inoculum level) were planted. Incidence of the disease, and reduction in plant height, stem number, tuber number and tuber weight per hill were positively and linearly correlated with levels of their inoculum. Spraying of Nimbicidine, a botanical insecticide against insect vector did not show any appreciable influence on plant growth or tuber yield.

Keywords: Inoculum levels, Disease incidence, PVY, Insecticide, Growth and yield performance, Potato

Location: Research Farm of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2005

End Date: 00-00-2006

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Potato

Objectives:

1. To find out the effect of PVY infected seed tuber on disease incidence, plant growth and yield parameters of potato.

Methodology:

Foundation seed potato of variety ‘Diamant’ was collected from Foundation Seed Potato Production Farm of Bangladesh Agricultural Development Corporation (BADC) during 2004-2005 crop seasons. The seeds were multiplied at the Research Farm of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur. The seed crop was grown in side insect proof nets so that PVY could not be spread from infected plants to healthy plants by aphid vectors. Before harvest, healthy and PVY infected plants were identified based on characteristic visible symptoms of PVY infection. The PVY infected potato plants were confirmed performing DAS-ELISA test using specific antiserum (PathoScreen Kit, Agdia Incorporated, USA) and a standard protocol. Seed tubers were harvested from healthy and infected tubers separately. Healthy and PVY infected seed tubers were identified following DAS-ELISA test. The experiment was conducted during 2005-06 crop season at the Research Farm of BSMRAU, Gazipur using the seeds multiplied during 2004-05 at BSMRAU Farm. Five levels of infected seed tubers viz. 0, 10, 20, 30 and 100% were used in this experiment. The levels of infected seed were maintained by mixing required number of PVY infected tubers with healthy tubers. Soil of the experimental plots was prepared properly to have good tilth. Fertilizers were applied at 350-250-270-120-120-106 kg/ha of urea, TSP, MP, gypsum, magnesium sulphate, zinc sulphate and borax, respectively as recommended for the area (Anon. 2004). One half of urea and full dose of all other fertilizers were applied at the time of planting. Other half of urea was applied as side dressing after 35 days of planting when first earthling up was done. During land preparation cowdung was applied at 10 t/ha. The experiment was laid out following randomized complete block design with four replications. The unit plot size was 3.0mX1.8m. The seed tubers were planted on November 29, 2005 at 30 tubers per plot maintaining 60cm row to raw and 30cm seed to seed distances. Wheat was planted around each unit plot as a barrier of aphids. Intercultural operations such as irrigation, weeding, mulching, and earthling up were done as and when necessary. Fungicide, Dithane M-45 was applied at 0.25% to protect the crop from fungal diseases. There were two sets of plots, one for insecticide spraying and another for non-spraying condition. In the spraying pots Nimbicidine [GIVE concentration in %] was applied from the 7th day after emergence and continued up to haulm pulling at 7days interval. Haulm pulling was done ten days before harvesting with a view to avoid the spread of viruses and for hardening of tuber skin. Ninety days after planting, the crop was harvested. Tubers were grouped, based on size, into four different grades using a standard potato tuber grader developed by BADC. The grades were <28 mm, 28 - 40 mm, 41-55 mm and >55 mm which were designated as under, A, B and over size, respectively. Occurrence of each grade was expressed in percentage based on total tubers number as well as total weight of tubers. Data on virus incidence in the field, plant height, stem number, tuber number and tuber weight per hill, grading by number and weight of tuber were recorded. Incidence of PVY infected plants was identified based on visible symptoms and confirmed by DAS-ELISA test.

Source of Information: BANGLADESH RESEARCH PUBLICATIONS JOURNAL; ISSN: 1998-2003 Volume: 1, Issue: 2, Page: 125-135, July - August, 2008

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Under non-sprayed condition, the number of tubers per hill ranged 5.63-9.25 and under insecticide sprayed condition the range was 5.56-9.26. The highest tuber number was recorded at 0.0% inocula (100% healthy seed tubers) and the lowest at 100% infected seed tuber. The maximum tuber yield of 425.10 and 434.60 g/hill was obtained with 100% healthy seed tubers and the minimum of 131.10 and 141.90 g/hill was recorded at 100% infected seed tubers under non-sprayed and insecticide sprayed conditions, respectively. The tuber number and tuber weight per hill at 0 and 10% inocula was statistically similar but significantly higher as compared to other levels of infected seeds under sprayed and non-spraying condition. The influence of insecticide spray on the two parameters was not significant as compared to non-sprayed condition. Infected seed tubers at different levels caused significant reduction in tuber number and weiht. Higher reduction in number and weight of tuber per hill was corroborated with higher levels of inoculum. The relationship was positive and linear. In each case, coefficient of determination indicates that the reduction in tuber number and weight could be attributed to PVY infected seed tubers by more than 88%.

Knowledge Management: Journal