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Bed Planting: a Water Saving Technology in Rice-wheat Cropping System

M I U Mollah
Principal Scientific Officer
Training Division, BRRI, Gazipur-1701.

M S U Bhuiya
Professor
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agriculiural University Mymensingh.

A Khatun
Senior Scientific Officer
Rice Farming Systems Division, BRRI, Gazipur-1701.

M H Kabir
Principal Scientific Officer
Adaptive Research Division, BRRI, Gazipur 170I.

M S Ali
Chief Scientific Officer
Biotechnology Division, BRRI, Gazipur 1701.

A H Khan
Chief Scientific Officer
Rice Farming Systems Division, BRRI, Gazipur-1701.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Two experiments were conducted one at the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI) farm, Gazipur and other at farmer's field in Chuadanga in 2001-2003 to evaluate bed planting as water saving technology for Rice-Wheat cropping systems. Bed planting with 70, 80 and 90 cm wide beds along with conventional planting method for wheat, direct-seeded rice (DSR) and transplant rice (TPR), and Wheat-Mungbean- DSR, Wheat-Mungbean-TPR, Wheat-Fallow-DSR and Wheat-Fallow-TPR cropping patterns methods were tested. Bed planting with 70 cm wide bed increased grain yield of rice, wheat and mungbean over the conventional method. Bed pluming saved 41-48% irrigation water for wheat and supplemental irrigation water of 76-79 % in DSR and 49-57% in TPR in Aman rice. About 50% irrigation water and lime for application could be saved through bed planting in Wheat-Mungbean-Rice cropping system.

Keywords: Rice, Wheat, Cropping System, Planting, Water saving technology, Mungbean

Location: Bangladesh Rice Research Institute farm, Gazipur and farmer's field in Chuadanga.

Start Date: 00-00-2001

End Date: 00-00-2003

Program Area: Farming System

Commodity: Water management

Objectives:

To evaluate bed planting as water saving technology for Rice- Wheat cropping systems.

Methodology:

Two experiments were conducted at the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI) farm, Gazipur and at farmer's field in Chuadanga from Rabi 2001-02 to Kharif-II 2003 seasons. The soils of the experimental plots were clay loam and silty loam at Gazipur and Chuadanga, respectively. In first experiment, bed planting with 70, 80 and 90 cm (center- to-center of furrows) width beds along with flat (conventional) planting for wheat, direct-seeded rice (DSR) and transplant rice (TPR) were tested at the BRRI experimental farm, Gazipur. The experiment was started in Rabi season with wheat and after harvesting of the wheat, one part of the experimental field was used for DSR and other part of the field was used for TPR in Kharif- II season. The experiment was repeated in the following seasons. Raised bed and furrows were made manually in the first year wheat crop by spade following the conventional land preparation. The heights of beds were 15 cm. The same beds were used for growing aman rice under zero tillage condition. Glycel (41 % Glyphosate) @ 3.7 L ha^-1 was applied 15 days before rice seed sowing for killing weeds.In second year, the beds of the previous year were kept intact with proper repairing. Normal tillage practice was followed in conventional plots in all seasons. For wheat, the land was prepared by ploughing and laddering while for rice the land was prepared by puddling. The size of unit plot was 192 m²(16- x 12- m) for wheat and 128 m²(16- x 8-m) for rice.

In second experiment, Wheat-Mungbean-DSR, Wheat-Mungbean-TPR, Wheat-Fallow-DSR and Wheat-Fallow- TPR cropping patterns were tested under bed and conventional planting at the BRRI experimental farm, Gazipur and at farmers' fields in Chuadanga in Rabi season 2002-03 (wheat), Kharif-I season 2003 (mungbean) and Kharif-Il season 2003 (rice). Raised beds were made for wheat, and mungbean and rice were grown under zero tillage condition on same beds in the following seasons. Based on the first year results of the first experiment, only 70 cm width bed was used for this experiment. The unit plot size was 28 m² (7- x 4-m) and 70 m² (10- x 7 -m) at Gazipur and Chuadanga, respectively.

Rice varieties, BRRI dhan30 and BRRI dhan31, wheat variety, Kanchan and mungbean variety BARI mung 5 were used. Both the experiments were laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. Recommended crop management practices were followed. Four irrigation were given for wheat based on the general recommendation and visual observation of soil moisture condition. Aman rice was grown as rainfed crop. However, supplemental irrigation was needed during land preparation in conventional treatment and transplanting. One supplemental irrigation was also needed for all plots at flowering stage of rice. In the experimental field of BRRI, irrigation water was measured by using a delivery pipe and water pan. A plastic delivery pipe was connected from the water pump to the experimental field. A water pan with 300-liter volume was filled by irrigation through the delivery pipe and time required was recorded. Then plots with different methods of planting were irrigated through the delivery pipe and times required were recorded. In the farmers' field at Chuadanga, times required for full irrigation of different methods of planting were recorded for comparison. Grain yields of all the crops were collected at maturity.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Rice J. 14 (I & 2): 139-146, 2009

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Bed planting could increase grain yield of wheat, mungbean and rice and greatly saved irrigation water for wheat (41-48%) and supplemental irrigation water for Aman rice (DSR, 76-79 % and TPR, 49-57 %). About 50% irrigation water and time for application could be saved through bed planting in Wheat- Mungbean-Rice cropping system.

Knowledge Management: Journal