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Prevalence and Population Density of Ectoparasitic Infestation in Cattle in Sirajgonj District: Bangladesh

Islam M.S.
Department of Parasitology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh – 2202

Rahman S.A.
Department of Parasitology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh – 2202

Sarker, P.
Crop Botany, Bangabandhu Shiekh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706

Anisuzzaman
Department of Parasitology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh – 2202

Mondal, M.M.H
Department of Parasitology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh – 2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An Experiment was carried out in Sirajgonj district during December, 2007 to May, 2008 to investigate the prevalence and population density of ectoparasitic infestation in randomly selected 245 cattle. The result revealed that overall 160 (65.4%) cattle were infested with one or more species of ectoparasites. Five species of ectoparasites were identified. Among them, Three species were Arachnids, namely Boophilus microplus (35.5%) Rhipicephalus sanguineus (10.6%) and Maphysalis bispinosa (7.8%) and two species were insects, Linognathus vituli (10.2%) and Haematopinus eurysternus (7.4%). The overall parasitic burden was 2.5±1.5 per inch of infested area. The parasitic burden was highest in case of H. eurysterunus (3.9±2.2) followed by L. vituli (3.0±2.4), B. microphus (2.3±1.3), H. bispinosa (1.6±1.1) and R. sanguineus (1.3±0.5). Higher prevalence of ectoparasites was recorded in summer season (51.4%) than winter (33.3%). In summer season cattle were 2.1 times more susceptible to ectoparasitic infestation than winter season. The prevalence of ectoparasitic infestation was higher in old cattle (61.5%) followed by calves (56%) and adult (38.5%). The calves were 2.0 times more susceptible to ectoparasitic infestation than the adults. But the calves and the old animals were almost equally susceptible (odd ratio=1.26) to ectoparasitic infestation.

Keywords: Cattle, Disease Prevalence, Population density and Ectoparasite

Location: Sirajgonj district

Start Date: 00-12-2007

End Date: 00-05-2008

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Cattle

Objectives:

1. To determine the overall, seasonal and age prevalence along with the population density of ectoparasites in cattle in Sirajgonj district.

Methodology:

The investigation was carried out in two seasons (winter season and summer season) during December, 2007 to May, 2008. Two hundred and forty five (245) cattle were selected randomly from different areas of Sirajganj district on the basis of their availability of cattle. The age of the cattle was three months and above (calves ≤1 year, adult >1 year -3 year, old > 3 years). The selected cattle were thoroughly investigated by close inspection, palpation, parting of hair and other relevant methods for the detection of clinical manifestations caused by ectoparasitic infestation. Cattle body coat were examined by close inspection and parting the hair against their natural direction for the detection of ectoparasites. Ticks and lice were collected from different parts of the body of the individual cattle by hand picking. When required, small camel hair brush dipped in ethanol was used for the collection of ticks. The point of attachment was smeared with ethanol. Adequate precautions were taken to preserve the mouth parts and appendages of the ectoparasites during the collection periods. Ticks and lice were preserved in 70% alcohol in clean, well-stopped glass vials. Vials were labeled properly. Morphology of ticks and lice were studied in the laboratory of Bangladesh agricultural university, Mymensingh with the help of dissecting (x4) and compound (x10) microscope. Ticks and lice were identified according to the keys and by preparing permanent slides. Statistical analyses were carried out by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). To determine group susceptibility of cattle to ectoparasitic infestation, odds ratio was calculated.

Source of Information: BANGLADESH RESEARCH PUBLICATIONS JOURNAL; ISSN: 1998-2003, Volume: 2, Issue: 1, Page: 332-339, January - February, 2009

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The result of the study revealed that overall 160 (65.4%) cattle were infested with one or more species of ectoparasites. Five species of ectoparasites were identified. Among them three species were Arachnids, namely Boophilus microplus (35.5%) Rhipicephalus sanguineus (10.6%), Haemaphysalis bispinosa (7.8%) and two species were insects such as Linognathus vituli (10.2%) and Haematopinus eurysternus (7.4%). The overall parasitic burden was 2.5±1.5 per inch of infested area. The parasitic burden was highest in case of H. eurysterunus (3.9±2.2) followed by L. vituli (3.0±2.4), B. microphus (2.3±1.3), H. bispinosa (1.6±1.1) and R. sanguineus (1.3±0.5). The effect of breed, sex, and economic impact of ectoparasites remained to be studied with farther experiment.

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