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Effects of Parboiled Rice Polish with or Without Enzyme on Meat Yield and Behavioral Characteristics of Broiler

Mohammad Hafijur Rahman
Department of Poultry Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Md. Saifur Rahman
Department of Poultry Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Masuma Habib
Graduate Training Institute, Mymensingh, BangladeshMeat yield and toe ash content of broilers decreased linearly on increasing level of PRP in diet. Addition of phytase and carbohydrase enzyme might improve meat yield at different PRP levels in diet. Inclusion of 50% PRP with supplementation of carbohydrase and phytase enzyme is recommended for the

Md. Shawkat Ali
Department of Poultry Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Md. Zahirul Islam
Department of Poultry Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted for the abundant use of special type of rice polish produced in automatic rice mills known as parboiled rice polish (PRP); the grains were substituted by 50% and 100% PRP with and without supplementation of phytase and carbohydrase enzymes. A total of 96 day-old straight run Arbor Acres broilers were fed ad libitum on either of the 6 diets; namely D₁ (0% PRP based diet with enzyme), D₂ (0% PRP based diet without enzyme), D₃ (50% PRP based diet with enzyme), D₄ (50% PRP based diet without enzyme), D₅ (100% PRP based diet with enzyme) or D₆ (100% PRP based diet without enzyme) for a period of 35 days. The effect of enzyme on meat yield and behavioral characteristics at increasing level of PRP was observed. Increasing PRP level reduced (P<0.05) dressed yield of broiler. Although enzyme supplementation had non-significant effect on different meat yield characteristics but there was a trend of increase (P>0.05) dressed yield, breast, drum-steak and thigh meat yield resulted for enzyme supplementation. In addition, male bird showed higher dressed yield (P>0.05) but female bird shown higher breast meat yield among all treatments. Supplementation of phytase and carbohydrase in PRP based diets increased shank weight and per cent of toe ash (P<0.05) in broiler indicating efficacy of exogenous enzymes on increased P utilization needed for improved bone minerlization. Time spending for feeding and drinking and frequency of feeding were higher for increasing of PRP level and for higher age of broilers. Therefore, it was concluded that it is possible to slightly increase dressed yield through substitution of costly grain by using abundant PRP in broiler ration with supplementation of phytase and carbohydrase enzymes without any adverse feeding and drinking behaviour.

Keywords: Enzyme, Parboiled rice polish, meat yield, behavior

Location: Department of Poultry Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Start Date: 00-00-2008

End Date: 00-00-2008

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Feed

Objectives:

1. The study was concerned at whether the use of phytase and carbohydrase enzyme permits maximum use of PRP as a substitute of grains in terms of meat yield characteristics or not and to observe the feeding and drinking behavior of broilers on increasing level of PRP.

Methodology:

The research work was conducted with 96-day-old straight run broilers (Arbor Acres) for a period of 35 days to assess the feasibility of using phytase and carbohydrase enzyme in high level of PRP based diet on meat yield and behavioral characteristics of broilers. The broilers were assigned to 6 dietary treatments: D₁ (0% PRP based diet with enzyme), D₂ (PRP based diet without enzyme), D₃ (50% PRP based diet with enzyme), D₄ (50% PRP based diet without enzyme), D₅ (100% PRP based diet with enzyme) and D₆ (100% PRP based diet without enzyme). Each treatment had 2 replications with 8 broilers per replication. Broiler starter and finisher diets were provided between 1 and 28 days and between 29 and 35 days of age respectively. The diets were formulated using locally available feed ingredients. Starter diet was containing 3100, 3086 and 3000 Kcal ME/kg diet in 0%, 50% and 100% PRP based diet respectively where as finisher diet had 3200, 3150 and 3100 Kcal ME/ Kg diet. Protein content of the diets was 22, 22.5 and 23% in starter ration and 21, 21.35 and 21.45% in finisher ration on 0, 50 and 100% PRP based diet respectively. Phytase enzyme (Ronozyme) and carbohydrase enzymes (Roxazyme) were used in enzyme grouped diet @ 30g/100 kg and 10g/100 kg feed respectively. Broilers were reared on littered floor providing 900 cm² in each broiler. Rice husk was used as litter at a depth of 6 cm. At all ages broilers were exposed to a continuous lighting of 23 hours except in first week in which 24 hours light were provided. To evaluate treatment effect, meat yield characteristics were recorded, calculated and behavioral characteristics were observed. Disection of broilers - The broilers were dissected. At 36 days of age, one male and one female broiler from each replicate having average pen weight was selected and starved for about 10 hours but water was supplied ad-libutum for easy evisceration. Then, broilers were individually weighed, slaughtered and allowed to bleed properly for about 5 minutes. After complete bleeding, the slaughtered broilers were immersed in pre-warmed water at about 1200 F for 30 seconds in order to loosen the feathers from the carcass. The evisceration was performed by supporting the broiler with one hand and inserting the fingers of the other hand through the incision in the abdomen. The three middle fingers extended, slight pass the viscera until the heart was reached. They were then, partly closed in a loose grip, followed by a gentle twisting action, and the viscera were slipped out of the body and released. The heart, liver and spleen were removed from the remaining viscera by cutting them loose. The gall bladder was cut from the liver and the arteries were cut from the heart. The gizzard was removed by cutting loose in front of the proventriculus and then cutting both incoming and out going tracts. Then, it was spilt open with knife, washed, emptied, and the lining removed. All organs or parts of the dissected birds were weighed out separately and recorded. Toe ash determination - Toe samples were obtained carefully and uniformly serving the middle toe from each foot by cutting through the joint between the 2nd and 3rd tarsal hones from the distal end of one male and one female from each pen. The group samples of toes were dried overnight at 100⁰C in air oven and then ashed for 4 hours at 600⁰C in an electric muffle furnace. The ash sample was collected, weighed and ash was calculated on DM basis. Behavioral observation - Two broilers were selected from each replicate at second and fifth week to observe times spending feeding, drinking, standing and resting and frequency of feeding and drinking. Statistical analysis - The meat yield data were converted to percentage of live weights prior to statistical analysis. The meat yield data were for a 3 (PRP level) × 2 (enzyme level) × 2 (sex) factorial experiment in CRD and the behavioral data were for a 3 (PRP level) × 2 (enzyme level) × 2 (observation) factorial experiment in Complete Randomized Design. GENSTAT statistical package was used to calculate analysis of variance. Significant differences were isolated and compared for least significant difference.

Source of Information: BANGLADESH RESEARCH PUBLICATIONS JOURNAL; ISSN: 1998-2003, Volume: 2, Issue: 1, Page: 340-350, January - February, 2009

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

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Achievement/Findings:

Meat yield and toe ash content of broilers decreased linearly on increasing level of PRP in diet. Addition of phytase and carbohydrase enzyme might improve meat yield at different PRP levels in diet. Inclusion of 50% PRP with supplementation of carbohydrase and phytase enzyme is recommended for the abundant use of PRP in broiler ration without any adverse effect on their behavior. The enzyme supplementation in PRP based diet at different level may be fruitful if pelleted feed provided. However, it remained to be studied experimentally.

Knowledge Management: Journal