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Nitrogen Fertilizer Deep Placement in Wetland Rice Culture

A.T.M.A. Choudhury
Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan

N.I. Bhuiyan
Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh

M.A. Hashem
Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

M.A. Matin
Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted at Bangladesh Rice Research Institute to evaluate the effect of urea super granule (USG) deep point placement compared to conventional prilled urea (PU) broadcasting with respect to yield and nitrogen (N) nutrition of wetland rice (variety BR11). Three dozes of N (29, 58 & 87 kg ha^-1) were used both from PU and USG. A nitrogen control treatment was also included in the trial. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with four replications. Grain and straw yields of BR11 increased linearly with increasing rates of added N from both PU and USG. However the rates of increases were higher with USG compared to PU for both grain and straw yields. Urea super granule treated plots gave higher grain and straw yields compared to PU treated plots within same doze of added N. Total N uptake by BR11, agronomic efficiency and apparent recovery of added N were also higher with USG compared to PU within the same N doze.

Keywords: Nitrogen, Deep placement, Rice, Agronomic efficiency, Apparent recovery

Location: Bangladesh Rice Research Institute

Start Date: 00-00-2008

End Date: 00-00-2008

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

1. To evaluate the effects of USG deep point placement compared to PU broadcasting in wetland rice culture.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI) farm, Gazipur, on a clay loam soil with pH 7.2. The soil contains total nitrogen (N) 0.08%, available phosphorus (P) 10 mg kg^-1, exchangeable potassium (K) 0.18 cmol kg^-1 and available sulfur (S) 15.5 mg kg^-1. Analyses of the soil were done following some standard procedures. Three dozes of N (29, 58 & 87 kg ha^-1) were used from both PU and USG. The size of USG used in this study was 1 gram per granule in weight. A nitrogen control treatment was also included in the trial. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications having unit plot size of 4 m x 4 m. A modern rice variety, BR11, was used as the test crop. Prilled urea was applied in three equal splits (immediately after seedling establishment, at active tillering stage and at 5-7 days before panicle initiation) by surface broadcasting. Full doze of USG was applied as deep point placement immediately after seedling establishment. Blanket dozes of P, K and S were applied @ 25, 35 and 20 kg ha^-1 from triple super phosphate, muriate of potash and gypsum, respectively, as basal. Thirty-day-old seedlings of BR11 were transplanted with a spacing of 20 cm x 20 cm. The numbers of USG granules deep point placed within four rice hills were 1, 2 and 3 for 29, 58 and 87 kg N ha^-1, respectively. Necessary cultural practices were done as when required. Rice crop was harvested at maturity for grain and straw yields. Plant height, tiller and panicle number per square meter were also recorded. Grain yield was recorded at 14% moisture content while straw yield was recorded as oven dry basis. Grain and straw samples were analyzed for total N content by sulfuric acid digestion method. Nitrogen uptake by grain and straw were calculated by multiplying the yield data with N content data. Total N uptake by rice plant was calculated from the summation of N uptake by grain and straw. The data were analyzed as per standard statistical procedures.

Source of Information: BANGLADESH RESEARCH PUBLICATIONS JOURNAL; ISSN: 1998-2003, Volume: 2, Issue: 2, Page: 499-505, March - April, 2009

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The findings of this study indicated that USG point placement is superior to conventional PU broadcasting with respect to rice yield and N use efficiency. There is a good prospect of utilization of this technology to benefit the rice farmers.

Knowledge Management: Journal